Social-Emotional Development Infancy to Adulthood (3.6)

Ecological System Theory

Different social environments influence human development in 5 stages (Microsystem: Family, Mesosystem: connections in Microsystem [Parent-teacher conference], Exosystem: local governments affecting neighborhoods Macrosystem: Society’s religious beliefs, and Chronosystem: Life transitions)

Stranger Anxiety

Fear of strangers, common around 8 months

Attachment

Emotional ties with each other, shown by children looking for safety in caregivers (Distress if seperated)

Harry Harlow Monkey Experiment

Monkeys were shown two moms, one with milk the other had a cloth, monkeys mainly picked mom with cloth, IV: Cloth & wire DV: Choice of mother

Imprinting (Conrad Lorenz 🤮)

Process where certain animals form attachments (sometimes to other species) in early life (Ex. Baby goose follows guy because he feed them)

Strange Situation (Mary Ainsworth)

Child-caregiver attachment, child is left in an unfamiliar environment while caregiver leaves and returns, child reaction observed

Secure Attachment

Kids feel comfortable in exploring their environment

Insecure Attachment

Kids feel anxious and have a lack of consistent behavior, doesn’t know what may happen in the future

Anxious Attachment

People crave acceptance, they remain alert to signs of rejection

Avoidant Attachment

People uncomfortable getting closer with others, and maintain distance from others (Bad feeling about the future)

Dual-Parenting

Parents gender & sexual orientation have no effect on child, actives dads are engaged caregivers, couples sharing housework and supporting their kids is good

Basic Trust

Sense that the world is predictable and trustworthy, formed during infancy (Infancy - Attachment and Childhood - Positive sense of self by 12)

Self Concept

Thoughts and feelings about oneself

Authoritarian

Parenting style that demands obedience “If you didn’t do (task) then (Big Punishment) “

Neglectful

Parenting style where parents are uninvolved with kids life, few limits or boundaries (Doesn’t care if kid cheated)

Permissive

Parenting style where there are no expectations or punishments for kids (Puts blame on teacher if kid cheated)

Authorative

Parenting style where parents are confronting, demanding, and responsive (Mix of the other 3 styles)

Temperament

Person’s characteristic emotional reactivity and intensity