understanding the self

Philosophy

Philos+sophia

Philos

Love

Sophia

Wisdom

Socrates

He believes the self is split into 2 parts

Physical and soul

the two parts of self believed to exist by socrates

The soul

It is the true self

Socrates

he is known for the term “ignorance is the beginning of wisdom”

Practical Knowledge

To know ourselves means to acquire knowledge

Socrates

He is known for “the Unexamined life is not worth living”

examining, thinking, investigating

What is the self all about?

Socrates

corrupted minors minds

Socrates

He died a martyr fighting againts mindlessness and ignorance

Ignorance

It is also known as depravity

ignorance

what do we accept the start acquiring knowledge

Socratic Method or introspecting

inspecting oneself to acquire newfound knowledge

Plato

He is the student of socrates

plato

He introduced the idea of the tripart soul

physical appetite, reason, and spirit

what are the parts of the tripart soul

Sentinient

Sensual desires, feelings and emotion

Appetititve

Driven by desire and passion, it represents human emotions.

Rational

The part of the soul that governs logic, reasoning, and intellect. It seeks truth and understanding.

Plato

Known for being the Father of Academy

Plato

He believed the soul is immortal in a perishable body

The body

It is the shell of the soul

Aristotle

He suggested that anything with life has a soul

soul

It is the essence of all

Vegitative

the body, governs regrowth

Aristotle

Who thought the golden mean

Golden Mean

means moderation; avoid extreme;

avoid too much or too little.

aristotle

He believed the soul and the body are not two distinct being, and the soul could not live without the body

St. Augustine

Follows the idea that God encompasses us all, that

everything will be better if we are with God

St. Augustine

His concept about the self is based of his relation to

God.

St. Thomas Aquinas

He believed the soul is the form of the body and they cannot be separated

Rene Descartes

The Father of modern philosophy

Rene Descartes

Stated “Cotigo ergo sum” “I think Therefore I am”

Rene Descartes

For him thinking about the self is proof that there is self.

Rene Descartes

He believes there are two dimensions of the self

Thinking entity and the physical body

The two dimension of the self

Thinking entity/Self

the nonmaterial immortal

Physical Body

the material, mortal, non thinking entity

John locke

He believes that the human mind at birth is tabula rasa or a blank slate

John locke

He believed that the self is a byproduct of ones experiences and memories

John locke

He believed that concious awareness and memory of previous experiences are the keys to understanding the self

David Hume

He suggests taht by performing introspection or by carefully analyzing the self that they will deiscover that there is no self

Impression and Ideas

The two things Hume belived that will be the result of examining oneself

Impression

Another term for emotions, e.g. love hate

ideas

thoughts and images from impression

David Hume

He stated that what people experience is just a bundle of different perceptions

Immanuel Kant

He believes that it is the self that makes

experiencingan intelligible world possible because it is

the self that is actively organizing and synthesizing all

of our thoughts and perceptions.

internal world

toughts and feelings

external world

events, situations, happening outside of control

Internal world, external world

what are the two things that should be synthesized to create the self

Gilbert Ryle

believed that the self can be best understood as a patter of behavior

Gilbert Ryle

He said that “i act therefore i am” in other words the way behave is our self

Sigmund Freud

He stated that the self consists of three layers

conscious, unconscious, and preconscious

the three layers of self

conscious

takes into account the realistic demands, the consequences of various actions to preserve equilibrium

unconscious

includes sexuality, aggressiveness, and self destruction

unconscious

Composes much of the self

preconscious

Consists of the material that is not as impactful and can be easily brought up

Paul Churchland

He advocates the idea of eliminative materialism or

the idea that the self is inseparable from the brain and

the physiology of the body.

Paul Churchland

He argues that if there is no brain there is no self, and that the mind cannot be experienced by the other senses

MERLEAU-PONTY

he argues that the self is the embodiment of subjectivity

MERLEAU-PONTY

For him, perception is not merely a consequence of

sensory experience; rather, it is a conscious

experience.

MERLEAU-PONTY

He is convinced that consciousness, the world, and

the human body are intricately intertwined in perceiving

the world.

MERLEAU-PONTY

He notes on his book, Phenomenology of Perception,

that everything that people are aware of is contained

within the consciousness. Consciousness is a dynamic

form responsible for actively structuring conscious

ideas and physical behaviour.