Bohr Atomic Models

1) Matter

space and mass ( you and me)

2) mixture

indefinite composition

3) substance

defined composition

4 pt1) compound ( complex substance)

two or more different atoms ( turns into molecule)

4 pt2 ) element ( simple substance)

two or more of the same atoms (turns into an atom and is the smallest sub devision)

shell e- Capacity

valance shell which is outer most shell

formula for shell capacity

2n²

what is the octect rule?

outer shell can only hold 8 elections

electron volt pt 1

describes biding energy of a shell

electron volt pt2

describes x-ray energy

1 eV

the energy of one electron when it is accelerated by an electric potential of 1 volt

KeV

1,000 eV

electron binding energies

The closer the shell is to the nucleus the higher the binding energy

what keeps the electron in its shell?

centripetal force and centrifugal force

centripetal force (trying to stay in)

center seeking force that keeps an electron in orbit

centrifugal force (pulling force)

flying out from the center force electron velocity

structures of nucleus

central core of the atom , contains pro and neu, same # of pro and electrons would = neutral atoms

nucleons

particles found in the nucleus, specifically protons and neutrons.

protons

called Z, # of protons in the nucleus defines the element

atomic mas

called A, the total # of nucleons

group (vertical)

the amount of electrons in the outer shell

period (horizontal)

same # of shells

valence shell

outermost shell , determines types of bonding

chemical bonding has..

ionic and covalent types, involving electron transfer or sharing.

ionic

atom gives up electron to another atom

covalent

atom shares electrons with another atom