FDR's First and Second New Deal

3 Goals of First New Deal

relief for the needy, economic recovery, and financial reform

Polio

After being diagnosed with _______, FDR gained a focus that led him into politics

NORMAN THOMAS

Presbyterian minister who proposed socialism in response to the new deal

DR. FRANCIS E. TOWNSEND

Old doctor living in california who thought the new deal was not inclusive of the elderly, proposed monthly $200 pension fund for those 60 and up

Huey Long

• US Senator who wanted a radical redistribution of income

Share Our Wealth

• Huey Long's proposal that had the slogan "Every man a king"

Father Charles Coughlin

• Anti-Semitic priest who called for guaranteed income and the nationalization of all banks

FDR's Political beliefs

• Liberal (in an economic sense) believed in government intervention in relief for the needy

Goal of economic recovery

• Fix the GDP

FDR's political experience

• Before becoming President, was governor of New York

Goal of Financial Reform

• Prevent future mistakes in Banking/Stock market

Family name- FDR's last name

helped him win the election because he was related to Teddy Roosevelt who was the 26th president many people recognized him because of this

Fireside Chat

• These where radio addresses given by FDR, so he could talk to the American people to help solve any problems

Emergency Banking relief Act

-If banks needed more money the government would loan it to them

Bank Holiday

• This was declared by FDR to stop bank rushes

During FDRs first 100 days in office

• 15 major pieces of legislation were passed

Brain Trust

• A group of the best academic advisors that FDR organized to assist him in his presidential campaign

1932 Election

• FDR wins by a landslide and Democrats win even more seats in congress

20th Amendment

• Moved inauguration date from March to January; FDR was the last president to be inaugurated in March

Glass Steagall Act

• Created FDIC

Securities Act

• Created SEC

FDR's proudest achievements

• AAA and NIRA

Economy Act

• Balanced the budget

What was FDR's embarrassing loss after his "pack" the Supreme Court proposal?

• attempted to take down senators against his plan by campaigning for their opponents, backfired when senators won reelection.

Section 7A of the NIRA

• established a call for collective bargaining rights

American Federation of Labor (AFL)

Inclusive - included unskilled workers, skilled workers and all races. Led by John L. Lewis

Fair Labor Standards Act

Set a minimum wage, maximum hours, and ended child labor

Congress of Industrial Organization (CIO)

Included only white skilled workers

National labor relations board

Settles labor disputes and enforces the NLRA

Results of the 1934 midterm election

Democrats tightened their control of both the house and the senate. FDR's presidency was going well and most citizens liked him and what he had done.

What were the results of the 1936 election

FDR won with 61% of the popular vote, only losing 2 states in the election, greatest victory in the history of american politics

The result of the Schechter v. United States Supreme Court case and what it led to

Ruled the NRA unconstitutional

It led to more New Deal programs to be deemed unconstitutional

What did FDR propose following this Supreme Court action

He wanted to appointed an extra judge for each judge who was over 70, congress rejected it

What program used 7A from the NIRA?

The National Labor Relations Act

What settled Labor Disputes?

NLRB

Underconsumptionism

Second New Deal's primary economic theory

Who made up the "Roosevelt Coalition"?

African Americans, the poor, southerners, minorities, intellectuals, and European immigrants

Technocrats

Highly educated men who worked on New Deal

Women's rights movement (2nd new deal)

Gained protective legislation, but this only served to "other" them from men (ex: lessened pay, lessened working hours)

Francis Perkins

The 1st woman appointed to the cabinet... Secretary of Labor

Black Cabinet

A council of African Americans who held senior positions in government but instead had second-level posts which had no impact

A. Phillip Randolph

Civil rights activist Organized March on Washinton which FDR wanted to avoid

Fair Employment Practices Committee

FDR created this to investigate discrimination in the workplace

Groups that included African Americans

-TVA (hired small amount), CWA (hired but paid less), CCC (hired but segregated)

Eleanor Roosevelt

• supported the civil rights movement, resigned from D.A.R because of what happened to Marion Anderson but invited her to perform in Washington D.C on Easter

Marion Anderson

• Invited by D.A.R to sing but she was fired when they found out she was African-American

Repatriation

• deportation policy only in the Southwest and California due to its geographical location in relation to Mexico, that being how it is so close

Invisible minority

• nickname of the Mexican Americans that would retreat to their more secluded and local communities in fear of being wrongfully deported

Mexican Americans in Blue collar industries

• generally fared well in urban areas

Mexican American exclusion

excluded from social security & NLRA

Good Neighbor Policy

• improve relationships and help with trade, US gets involved with Latin America

FDR scaling back from New Deal programs (1935)

focused on international trade, increased circulation of goods and money solidified support for the New Deal , percentage of unemployed went down

Non-Partisan League

Labor union that was the successor to the AFL

UAW Vs. GM

• The UAW organized sit down strikes within GM

WPA's effect on the labor movement

• WPA hired artists and writers who showed their support of the movement through their work.

Why did FDR pull the US out of the World Economic Conference

feared that the US would be forced into an agreement designed to keep the gold content of the dollar high and US commodoties prices low

What did FDR do to help strengthen the relationship with the USSR

• FDR recognized the soviet union publicly

Protective Legislation

women gave up on fighting for equality during the New Deal and instead called for this

Labors Non-Partisan League

a union organiation that focused money and energy into FDR’s re-election

John Maynard Kaynes

economist whose theory supports deficit spending