Max Sheperd Biology Revision Core Alternative to Practical

What is used to reduce competition from weeds when growing crops?

Herbicide

Greenhouse effect gases

Methane and carbon dioxide

Effects of sewage pollution on biodiversity

Biodiversity decreases and number of bacteria increases

Name two factors that contribute to rise in sea levels

Pollution of the air by carbon dioxide and methane

What practice helps maintain biodiversity?

The protection of habitats

Can biodegradable plastics move up the food chain?

YES!!!!!

Disadvantages of monocultures

Decrease in biodiversity

Name two greenhouse gases

Methane and carbon dioxide

How is raw sewage treated?

Screening or removal of large objects

Settlement

Filters

Aerobic respiration by mircroorganisms and chlorination and UV treatment

State 4 methods to control spread of diseases

• Hygienic food preparation

• Good personal hygiene

• Hygienic waste disposal

• Vaccination

State the name of one mechanical and one chemical barrier in our body that prevent pathogens from entering

Mechanical: skin/hairs in nose

Chemical: mucus, stomach acid, hydrochloric acid, tears

What process releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere

decomposition

State why temperature has to be a constant when investigating the rate of photosynthesis

Because temperature affects the rate of photosynthesis

Reasons why humans destroy habitats

Increased area needed for plant crop productions

Extraction of natural resources

Housing

Livestock production.

Disadvantage of intensive farming

Fewer habitats in the same area

State 6 effects of untreated sewage

1. Pollution

2. Fish die due to lack of oxygen

3. Decreased biodiversity

4. Affected food chains

5. Spread of diseases

6. Habitat destruction

State 6 ways humans can increase yield of barley

1. Fertilisers

2. Insecticides

3. Pesticides

4. Herbicides

5. Genetically modified seeds

6. Use of irrigation

Describe what is meant by the term monoculture

Only one type of plant grown or a single crop grown

Describe the disadvantages of intensive livestock farming

• Pollution

• Greenhouse gas emissions

• Waste disposal

• Sewage

• Animal welfare concerns

• Increased use of antibiotics

• Increase risk of disease

• Diseases spread more quickly

Outline 3 undesirable effects of deforestation

• Loss of soil

• Increased flooding

• Increased carbon dioxide

Describe 3 reasons for habitat destruction

• Housing/ industry

• Railways/infrastructure

• Livestock production

• Mining

• Climate change/global warming

5 advantages of growing crops as a large-scale monoculture

1. Fertilisers applied to all the crop at the same time.

2. Increased yield

3. Less space required

4. Cheaper productions

5. Easier harvesting

6 ways species can be conserved

• Monitoring species

• Legislation

• Seed banks

• Captive breeding programs

• Education

• Removal of introduced species

Define the term genetic engineering

Changing the genetic material of an organism by removing/changing/inseting individual genes

State the type of respiration in yeast that produces ethanol

Anaerobic respiration

Define the term enzyme

A protein that acts as a biological catalyst

Write the word equation for aerobic respiration

glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water + energy

State 3 ways that the products of anaerobic respiration in Yeast are used by humans

State 5 examples of genetic engeneering

1. Herbicide resistance

2. Pest resistance

3. Production of vitamins

4. Frost resistance

5. Draught resistance

State 4 advantages of using pectinase in juice extraction

1. Juice is clearer

2. Breaks up pectin

3. Speeds up the reaction (biological catalyst)

4. More juice is produced

Define the term anaerobic respiration

Chemical reaction in cells that breaks down nutrient molecules to release energy without using oxygen

Products of anaerobic respiration of Yeast

• Biofuels

• Bread

• Carbon dioxide

State two ways aerobic respiration differs from anaerobic respiration

• Uses oxygen

• Releases more energy/ATP

• Produces water

• Does not produce ethanol/alcohol

Which organism has been named using the binomial system?

A Brown seaweed

B Polar bear

C Red fox

D Vulpes vulpes

D Vulpes vulpes

When a herbivore sees a carnivore, which characteristic of living things is involved?

A excretion

B growth

C reproduction

D sensitivity

D sensitivity

Small molecules are used to synthesise large food molecules.

Which statement is correct?

A Amino acids are the basic units of carbohydrates.

B Fatty acids are the basic units of glycogen.

C Glycerol is a basic unit of oils.

D Simple sugar is the basic unit of protein.

C Glycerol is a basic unit of oils.

A student used biuret reagent to test milk for the presence of protein.

The milk tested positive for protein.

Which colour did the sample change to?

A blue

B blue-black

C brick red

D purple

D purple

Which substances are used for photosynthesis?

A carbon dioxide and glucose

B carbon dioxide and water

C glucose and oxygen

D glucose and water

B carbon dioxide and water

Which blood vessel transports blood from the lungs to the heart?

A aorta

B pulmonary artery

C pulmonary vein

D vena cava

C pulmonary vein

The diagram shows the position of two glands in the body.

A adrenaline insulin

A seedling was placed in a horizontal position.

C

The diagram shows a sperm cell.

Which part contains digestive enzymes?

D acrosome

Which secondary sexual characteristic is associated with testosterone?

A breast development

B facial hair growth

C start of the menstrual cycle

D widening of hips

B facial hair growth

The diagram shows a human menstrual cycle.

A

30 Cystic fibrosis is an inherited condition that occurs when an individual is homozygous for the

recessive allele.

If both parents are heterozygous for this characteristic, what is the probability that their first child

will have cystic fibrosis?

A 0% B 25% C 50% D 100%

B 25%

What is the principal source of energy input to biological systems?

A kinetic

B photosynthesis

C respiration

D the Sun

D the Sun

The diagram shows the flow of energy in a food chain.

Which organism is the producer in the food chain?

C

Which two numbered arrows represent respiration?

C

Which letter identifies the lag phase in this sigmoid curve?

A

The graph shows the percentage of species lost, in three different animal groups, due to different

human activities during the last ten years.

A

State one other product that is made using yeast, apart from food or drink.

Biofuels

Complete Table 1.1 by writing the name for each characteristic described.

• sensitivity

• excretion

• growth

Describe what is meant by a catalyst

A substance that increases the rate of reactions or speeds up the reaction and it is not changed by the reaction

State what is meant by the term biodiversity

The number of different species that live in an areas

State the names of 5 components of a balanced diet

1. Carbohydrates

2. Water

3. Fibre

4. Water

5. Fats

Meaning of species

group of organisms / same type of organisms ;

(reproduce to give) fertile offspring ;

State the name of 5 substances transported in blood plasma

1. ions

2. nutrients

3. urea

4. hormones

5. water

Describe the appearance of a plant cell after being placed in distilled water for one hour

Swollen and vacuole will be full

Place ticks

Answer

State two ways pathogens are transmitted between trees

photosynthesis ;

gas exchange ;

transpiration ;

transport ;

storage of starch ;

respiration ;

growth ;

chlorophyll production ;

State the letter

Vagina F

Oviduct D

Egg cell E

State

Ovary: development of secondary sexual characteristics

Complete

glands

internal

homeostasis

insulin

glucose

Complete

Answer

Answer

Answer

State the name of the reagent or solution that would be used to test the fruit juice for starch.

Iodine solution

State the name of the reagent or solution that would be used to test the fruit juice for

reducing sugars.

Benedict’s (solution)

Desing an experiment

Answer

Define the term gene

Length of DNA that codes for a specific protein

Complete

answer

Complete

answer

complete

answer

Diagram

B

Which term means a group of organisms that can reproduce to produce fertile offspring?

species

A

B

The heart, arteries, veins and capillaries work together.

Which level of organisation is shown by these structures working together?

A a tissue

B an organ

C an organism

D an organ system

D

Complete

D

Complete

B

What controls the speed of chemical reactions in all living cells?

A enzymes

B hormones

C ions

D vitamins

A

The heart, arteries, veins and capillaries work together.

Which level of organisation is shown by these structures working together?

A a tissue

B an organ

C an organism

D an organ system

D an organ system

Complete

D

complete

B ileum

complete

mouth C

Which molecules are transported by the phloem?

A cellulose

B glycogen

C starch

D sugar

D sugar

Compared with inspired air, which description of expired air is correct?

A It has less oxygen and less carbon dioxide.

B It has less oxygen and more carbon dioxide.

C It has more oxygen and less carbon dioxide.

D It has more oxygen and more carbon dioxide.

B It has less oxygen and more carbon dioxide.

Yeast is placed inside a container full of a glucose solution with no air.

Which word equation summarises the process that takes place inside the container?

A glucose  alcohol + carbon dioxide

B glucose  lactic acid

C glucose + oxygen  carbon dioxide + water

D glucose + oxygen  alcohol

A glucose  alcohol + carbon dioxide

Which process uses energy released in respiration?

A diffusion

B evaporation

C growth

D osmosis

c growth

Which statement about reproduction is correct?

A All living species can reproduce asexually.

B Gametes are needed for asexual reproduction.

C Only organisms that are separated from other organisms of the same species can reproduce

asexually.

D Some organisms reproduce asexually and sexually.

D Some organisms reproduce asexually and sexually.

complete

D

A scientist studied wild birds that lived by a lake. He observed that one bird species had a beak

that was adapted to extract small insects from the water.

Which process would have occurred in the development of this specialised beak?

A genetic engineering

B natural selection

C selective breeding

D fossilisation

B natural selection

COMPLETE

c organismo 3

Plan an investigation to determine the effect of pH on the activity of amylase.

Answer

Why use clean syringes in a scientific investigation?

To prevent contamination

Why would a scientist use water baths in an investigation?

To control the temperature

Question

31.6

What variable goes on the X axis? And in the Y?

X usually independent and Y usually dependent

All living organisms release energy from nutrient molecules within their cells.

What is the name of this characteristic?

A growth

B nutrition

C respiration

D sensitivity

C

To which group of arthropods do spiders belong?

A arachnids

B crustaceans

C insects

D myriapods

A

By which process does oxygen move from a region of higher concentration in the alveoli to a

region of lower concentration in the blood?

A osmosis

B breathing

C diffusion

D active transport

C diffusion