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Home
Social Studies
Psychology
Specific Phobias
Clinical Description
Extreme and irrational fear of a specific object or situation
Feared situation almost always provokes anxiety
Significant impairment or distress
Statistics
12.5% (life); 8.7% (year)
Female : Male = 4:1
Chronic course
Onset = Most often childhood
Diagnostic Criteria
Marked Fear or anxiety about a specific object or situation
Phobic object or situation almost always provokes immediate fear or anxiety
Phobic object/situation is actively avoided
Phobic object/situation out of proportion to actual danger
Lasts more than 6 months
Clinically significant distress
Not better explained by symptoms of another mental disorder
Blood Injection Injury Phobia
Decreased heart rate and blood pressure when seeing blood, injections, or injury
Fainting
Inherited vasovagal response
Onset = usually in childhood
Situational Phobia
Fear of specific situations
E.g., Flying, driving
No uncued panic attacks
Fear centers around risks of the situation (e.g. Plane crashing), not having a panic attack
Onset = early to mid 20s
Natural Environment Phobia
Heights, storms, water
May cluster together
Associated with real dangers
Onset = usually in childhood
Animal Phobia
Dogs, snakes, mice, insects
May be associated with real dangers
Onset = usually in childhood
Causes
Direct experience
Vicarious experience – seeing someone else encounter a feared object
Information transmission – learning about a situation/object being dangerous
“Preparedness”
Treatment
Cognitive-behavior therapies
Exposure
Graduated
Structured
Relaxation – used to be practiced more, now often not a part of empirically supported treatment
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microorganisms in relation to human health: chapter 1
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Studied by 9 people
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Earth and Life Science "Geological Surface That Shape the Earth"
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Studied by 13 people
5.0
(1)
Biological Psychology: Anatomy of the Nervous System
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Studied by 26 people
5.0
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Studied by 29 people
5.0
(1)
Chapter Nineteen: Law, Society, and the Mental Health Profession
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Studied by 7 people
5.0
(1)
Nepal Earthquake - Case Study
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Studied by 15 people
5.0
(2)