HS II 3.01 Structures of the Respiratory System

Nostrils

two openings into the nose

Respiratory System

supplies the body with Oxygen, and must work to prevent death

Nasal cavity

warm, filter, and moisten the air; sense of smell

Cillia

microscopic hairs in nasal cavities that filter air and move mucus

Sinus

hollow areas in the skull that provide resonance for voice and is connected by small tubes to back of nasal cavities

Pharynx

transports air, liquids, and food. Called the common passageway, before larynx!!

Epiglottis

flap of cartilage that opens to allow air into lungs; closes to keep out liquids and food

Larynx

box of cartilage that contains vocal cords, this is routes food and air

Vocal cords

vibrate when exhaling to create voice

Trachea

10-12 inch flexible tube that carries air into chest cavity

Bronchi

two rigid tubes that branch off the trachea; one to each lung

Bronchioles

multiple branches of smaller tubes that take air into all parts of lungs

Lungs

2 sponge organs divided into segments called lobes

How many lobes does the right lung have?

3

How many lobes does the left lung have?

2

Pleura

double membrane that surrounds each lung

Diaphragm

muscle that separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities (without this, you cannot breathe)

Alveoli

microscopic air sacs at ends of smallest bronchioles. exchange Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide with blood

Ventilation

process of breathing

Inspiration

breathing in

Expiration

breathing out

External respiration

exchange between the lungs and enviornment

Internal respiration

exchange between the blood and the cells of the body

Respiration

exchange of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide

Mediastinum

the space between the lungs that houses the heart, major vessels, and thymus gland