Ap world unit 8 vocab

Europe Economic Community

An alliance formed in 1957 by six western european countries dedicated to developing common trade policies and reduced tariffs, eventually became European Union.

Marshall Plan

U.S government initiative to help European countries recover post WW2.

Mao Zedong

Chinese Communist leader from 1949 to 1976.

Great Leap Forward

Under Zedong, aimed to speed up economic development while simultaneously developing a completely socialitst society. This plan failed and more than 20 million people starved between 1958 and 1960.

Cultural Revolution

a radical reform in China initiated by Mao Zedong in 1965 and carried out largely by the Red Guard

Red Guards

The youths who led Mao's Cultural Revolution. Wore red arm bands and carried his book. Terrorized Chinese citizens and determined who went to camps.

Cold War

A conflict that was between the US and the Soviet Union.

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)

a group of 28 countries that has agreed to protect each other in case of attack; founded in 1949

Warsaw Pact

Alliance of east against democracy, supporting communism

Korean War

The conflict between Communist North Korea and Non-Communist South Korea. The United Nations helped South Korea.

Soviet-Afghan War

war between Afghanistan and USSR. Afghanistan wins with the help of the US. Big defeat for the USSR.

Nikita Khrushchev

Aggressive Soviet leader whose failed gamble of putting missiles in Cuba cost him his job

Hungarian Revolution

rebel against Communism - US doesn't support

Prague Spring

In 1968, Czechoslovakia, under Alexander Dubcek, began a program of reform. Dubcek promised civil liberties, democratic political reforms, and a more independent political system. The Soviet Union invaded the country and put down the short-lived period of freedom.

Sino-Soviet Split

A rift in the 1960s between the communist powers of the Soviet Union and China, fueled by China's opposition to Soviet moves toward peaceful coexistence with the US

decolonialization

The process by which former colonies gain their independence from the mother country

indian national congress

A movement and political party founded in 1885 to demand greater Indian participation in government. Led by Mohandas K. Gandhi, appealing to the poor.

Mohandas Gandhi

Leader of the Indian independence movement and advocate of nonviolent resistance. After being educated as a lawyer in England, he returned to India and became leader of the Indian National Congress in 1920.

Muslim League

an organization formed in 1906 to protect the interests of India's Muslims, which later proposed that India be divided into separate Muslim and Hindu nations

muhammad ali jinnah

Indian Muslim politician who founded the state of Pakistan.

globalization of democracy

the spread of democracy throughout the world

mikhail gorbachev

Soviet leader of the 1980s who worked with Reagan to end the Cold War

Deng Xioaping

leader after Mao Zadong; led a group of practical minded reformers, ended cultural revolution; shift towards family traditions, clothing changed, names not patriotic

glasnost

a policy of the Soviet government allowing freer discussion of social problems

perestroika

soviet restructuring

belt and road initiative

A global development strategy adopted by the Chinese government involving infrastructure development and investments in 152 countries and international organizations in Asia, Europe, Africa, the Middle East, and the Americas.

israeli-palestinian conflict

Conflict over landownership in Israel/Palestine.