WEEK 6 - Tubes and Drains

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29 Terms

1

purposes of tubes and drains

  • to remove fluid

  • to instill fluid

  • to measure smth

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2

principles of tubes and drains

  • closed cavities are sterile

  • gravity promotes flow

  • drainage will flow if there is no blockage

  • pre-cleansing reduces the chances of contamination

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3

rules for clamping

do not clamp tubes without dc’s order

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4

factors that affect flow of fluid through tubes

  • pressure difference (greater diff = more flow)

  • diameter (greater diameter = more flow)

  • length (longer tube = more friction to pass = less flow)

  • viscosity (more thickness = less flow)

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5

care measures for NG tubes

  • always have the tube anchored to smth (pt gown, hand)

  • to prevent aspiration have pt in semi-fowlers

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6

T-tubes purpose

maintains patency of the CBD after surgery and permits drainage of bile until edema of the CBD decreases

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7

care measures for t-tubes

  • facilitate drainage via gravity positioning pt to semi-fowlers

  • monitor bile bag for unusual drainage

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8

portable wound suction purpose

systems that exert a gentle, even pressure to remove drainage and debris from a wound

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9

care measures for portable wound suctions

  • evacuators/receptacles are pinned to pt gown or attached to bed/stretcher sheet

  • evacuator is ALWAYS placed below the drainage site

  • observe for sudden massive discharge or bleeding

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10

ostomy appliances purpose

an opening is made to allow the passage of urine or feces by bringing a portion of the intestine or ureter to the outer surface of the abdominal wall

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11

care measures of ostomy appliances

  • sensitive to pt’s emotional needs

  • good aseptic technique

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12

closed chest drainage systems / chest tubes purpose

  • permit drainage of air / fluid from the plural space and to prevent their return flow.

  • help re-expand the lung by re-establishing negative pressure.

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13

care measures for chest tubes

  • drainage system must be kept parallel to the floor and lower than the chest

  • keep the tube intact

  • keep the tube site sterile

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14

urinary drainage systems

  1. Condom Drainage

  2. Indwelling Urinary Catheter (Foley)

  3. Suprapubic Catheter

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15

Condom Drainage and purpose

  • applied externally to the penis and connected to a urine drainage bag

  • aid in urinary incontinence noninvasively

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16

Indwelling Urinary Catheter (Foley)

  • inserted into the bladder through the urethra and held in place by a balloon filled with sterile water

  • helps with incontinence

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17

Suprapubic Catheter

  • inserted into the bladder through a surgical opening the abdominal wall

  • allows for urine drainage if the urethra is blocked or the bladder is removed or damaged

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18

care measures for urinary drainage systems

  • when disconnected consider risk of infection

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19

parenteral meaning

introduction of a substance into the body other than through the GI system

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20

eg. parenteral

  • Needles

  • syringes

  • cannulas

  • intravenous

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21

needle stick principles

  • never recap needles by holding the cap

  • recap by scooping the cap up with the needle

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22

intravenous therapy purpose

to restore and maintain fluids in the body

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23

Electronic Infusion Devices (EIDs) / IV Pumps

control and regulate the infusion rate by alarming when there is infiltration or when the infusion is complete

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24

how to deal with alarms

  • read the message

  • get assistance

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25

tractions and purpose

  • mechanical device that uses weights and pulleys to control pain from muscle spasm, etc

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26

types of tractions

  • skin traction

  • skeletal traction

  • fitted traction

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27

care measures for tractions

  • never interrupt skeletal or skin tractions

  • never remove weights without confirmation

  • weights must hang free

  • pt has good body alignment

  • no rope kinks

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28

Cardiac Monitoring Devices

Electrocardiography (ECG) monitors

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29

Ventilators/Tracheostomies

  • tracheostomy is an external surgical opening into the trachea to allow air to bypass the upper respiratory tract

  • mechanical ventilation is a type of life support that uses a machine to help a patient breathe

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