chapter 11 devpsych

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A collection of vocabulary flashcards covering key terms and concepts related to Adolescence as a developmental transition.

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20 Terms

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Adolescence

A developmental transition between childhood and adulthood entailing major physical, cognitive, and psychosocial changes.

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Puberty

Process by which a person attains sexual maturity and the ability to reproduce.

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Hypothetical-Deductive Reasoning

Ability to develop, consider, and test hypotheses, characterizing Piaget's formal operations.

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Primary Sex Characteristics

Organs directly related to reproduction that enlarge and mature during adolescence.

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Secondary Sex Characteristics

Physiological signs of sexual maturation that do not involve the sex organs, such as breast development and growth of body hair.

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Spermarche

Boy's first ejaculation.

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Menarche

Girl's first menstruation.

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Adolescent Growth Spurt

Sharp increase in height and weight that precedes sexual maturity.

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Imaginary Audience

Adolescents' belief that they are the focus of others' attention, creating self-consciousness.

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Personal Fable

Adolescents' belief that their experiences are unique and that they are not subject to the rules governing others.

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Secular Trend

Trend observed over several generations, such as the trend toward earlier attainment of adult height and sexual maturity in the past century.

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Cognitive Maturation

Development attributed to the brain maturation and environmental opportunities influencing adolescents' cognitive skills.

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Self-efficacy

Belief in one's ability to accomplish tasks and achieve goals, significantly influencing academic performance.

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Body Image

Descriptive and evaluative beliefs about one’s appearance, which can affect self-esteem and lead to eating disorders.

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Substance Abuse

Repeated, harmful use of a substance, typically alcohol or other drugs, potentially leading to addiction.

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Kohlberg’s Levels of Moral Reasoning

Stages of moral development that range from preconventional morality, through conventional morality, to postconventional morality.

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Eating Disorders

Serious health issues arising from extreme dietary habits, such as anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa.

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Educational Aspirations

Goals regarding education and career paths influenced by self-efficacy, parental values, and socio-cultural factors.

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Risky Behaviors

Actions taken by adolescents that can lead to negative physical and psychosocial outcomes, such as substance abuse or reckless driving.

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Psychosocial Changes

Developmental changes during adolescence involving identity formation, social relationships, and emotional development.