Santrock "Child Development" MC Chapter 1

The pattern of change that begins at conception and continues through the life span is called

development

Tabula rasa is to _____ as innate goodness is to _____.

John Locke; Jean-Jacques Rousseau

This psychologist pioneered the study of children by inventing numerous tasks that measured attention and memory.

Alfred Binet

Alice Walker's story of success despite a difficult childhood is an example of

social policy

An infant's smile in response to her mother's touch is an example of a _____ process.

socioemotional

An example of a cognitive process is

a child speaking her first word.

In which period of childhood development does a child learn self-care and develop school readiness skills?

early childhood

Which period of childhood development involves the pursuit of independence and identity development?

Adolescence

A proponent of the nurture side of the nature-nurture issue would emphasize which of the following beliefs?

The peer group is influential in shaping a child's developing personality

Western cultures tend to place emphasis on _____ experiences in shaping human personality; Eastern cultures tend to emphasize _____ experiences in shaping human personality.

early; late

A coherent set of ideas that helps explain data and make predictions is called a

theory

________ is the second step in the scientific method.

"Collect data"

Which of the following is a criticism of psychoanalytic theories?

D) All of the above are criticisms of psychoanalytic theories

Which theorist is associated with the study of cognitive development in children?

Jean Piaget

Reinforcement and punishment are terms used in

operant conditioning

Which theorist emphasized cognition in addition to behavior?

Bandura

The historical impact of divorce on children is an example of which environmental system, according to Bronfenbrenner?

Chronosystem

There is a famous story of Phineas Gage, a railroad worker who survived a traumatic brain injury when a tamping iron went through his skull. Which of the following research techniques would be best to study the effects of that injury on his behavior?

Case study

Which correlation indicates the strongest relationship between two variables?

-.40, larger decimal number = greater correlation

Which research concept serves as a baseline against which the effects of the independent variable can be compared?

Control group

What is true of the cross-sectional approach research study?

The researcher does not have to wait for the participants to grow up or become older.

Assuring research participants that they have the right to withdraw from a study at any time is based on which of the following important issues?

Informed consent