Baising semi conductors (copy)

1. What is forward biasing in a diode?

Forward biasing occurs when the positive terminal of the power supply is connected to the p-type material and the negative terminal to the n-type material, reducing the width of the depletion region and allowing current to flow.

2. What is reverse biasing in a diode?

Reverse biasing occurs when the positive terminal of the power supply is connected to the n-type material and the negative terminal to the p-type material, increasing the width of the depletion region and preventing current flow.

3. What happens to the depletion region in a forward-biased diode?

The depletion region narrows, allowing charge carriers to cross the junction and current to flow.

4. What happens to the depletion region in a reverse-biased diode?

The depletion region widens, creating a high resistance path that prevents current flow.

5. What is the typical forward voltage drop for a silicon diode?

Approximately 0.7 volts.

6. What is the typical forward voltage drop for a germanium diode?

Approximately 0.3 volts.

7. What is Zener breakdown in a Zener diode?

Zener breakdown occurs in a Zener diode when it is reverse-biased and the voltage exceeds the Zener voltage, causing a controlled breakdown and allowing current to flow.

8. What is the purpose of a current-limiting resistor in a diode circuit?

A current-limiting resistor is used to prevent excessive current that could damage the diode by providing a voltage drop and limiting the current through the diode.

9. What is the Peak Inverse Voltage (PIV) rating of a diode?

PIV is the maximum reverse voltage a diode can withstand without breaking down.

10. What is the function of a rectifier diode in a power supply?

A rectifier diode converts alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC).

11. What is the effect of temperature on the forward voltage drop of a diode?

As temperature increases, the forward voltage drop of a diode decreases.

12. What is the function of a Zener diode in a voltage regulator circuit?

A Zener diode maintains a constant output voltage by allowing current to flow in reverse when the input voltage exceeds a certain value.

13. What is a Schottky diode and its primary characteristic?

A Schottky diode is a semiconductor diode with a low forward voltage drop and fast switching speed due to its metal-semiconductor junction.

14. What is the primary use of a light-emitting diode (LED)?

An LED emits light when forward biased and is commonly used for indicators and displays.

15. How does doping affect the conductivity of a semiconductor?

Doping adds impurities to a semiconductor, increasing its conductivity by providing additional charge carriers.

16. What are the majority carriers in an n-type semiconductor?

Electrons.

17. What are the majority carriers in a p-type semiconductor?

Holes.

18. What is the impact of reverse bias on the capacitance of a diode?

Reverse bias increases the width of the depletion region, thereby decreasing the junction capacitance.

19. What is avalanche breakdown in a diode?

Avalanche breakdown occurs when a reverse-biased diode is subjected to a high voltage, causing a large number of free electrons and holes to be generated, leading to a large current flow.

20. What is the purpose of biasing a semiconductor device?

Biasing is used to set the operating point of a semiconductor device to ensure it functions correctly within its intended application.