Computer Hardware and Networking Terminology
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These flashcards cover important computer hardware components, networking terminologies, and key concepts discussed in the lecture.
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205 Terms
ESD Strap
A device that helps protect computer components from static electricity.
Chassis
The case that holds all the computer parts.
Loopback Plug
A tool that tests ports to identify problems with internet connections.
Power Supply
A component that supplies power to the computer components.
Hard Drive
A storage device that holds digital data.
Memory (DIMM)
Temporary storage in a computer used for data.
Motherboard
The main circuit board of the computer, housing crucial components.
Expansion Card
A card that allows the addition of features to a computer.
Processor
The brain of the computer that processes data and generates heat.
Fan
A component that cools down the processor and the motherboard.
PCIe Slot
A slot used to connect components to the motherboard.
Optical Drive
A device that uses a laser to read and write data.
Zero Insertion Force (ZIF)
Allows different circuits to connect to a component's pins without force.
SATA Cable
A cable that connects storage devices to the motherboard.
Heat Sink
A component that cools the processor by dissipating heat.
VGA Port
A port that connects monitors and projectors.
RJ-11
A type of connector mainly used for analog phones.
Serial Port (DB-9)
A 9-pin connector that transmits data between devices.
Parallel Port (DB-25)
A 25-pin connector used for connecting printers and scanners.
Thunderbolt 3 Port
A USB-C connector that provides high-speed data transfer.
PS/2 Port
A connector used for keyboards and mice.
DVI Port
A port that transmits digital video signals.
HDMI
A cable that transmits high-definition video and audio.
Display Port
A connector used for video and audio signals.
USB (Universal Serial Bus)
A port used for connecting various devices like mice and keyboards.
Firewire Port
An outdated high-speed data transfer port.
SPDIF Port
A digital interface for transmitting audio signals.
Audio Jack
A port used for transferring audio to devices like headphones.
Ethernet Port (RJ45)
A port used to connect to the internet.
Northbridge
Handles high-speed communication between CPU, memory, and graphics.
Southbridge
Manages input/output operations and connects devices.
Device driver
Software that allows the operating system to communicate with hardware.
BIOS
Basic input/output system; firmware that controls the boot process.
CMOS Battery
Maintains the real-time clock and BIOS settings.
Dynamic RAM (DRAM)
The most common type of system memory that needs refreshing.
Static RAM (SRAM)
RAM that retains information without needing refreshing.
ECC (Error Correcting Code)
Memory that can detect and correct internal data corruption.
Universal Plug and Play (UPnP)
A set of networking protocols that allows networked devices to discover and communicate with each other.
Hypervisor
Software that creates and manages virtual machines.
Virtualization
A technology that allows multiple virtual machines to run on a single physical hardware.
Local Area Network (LAN)
A network that connects computers in a limited area.
Virtual Private Network (VPN)
A secure network that allows remote access to a private network.
Malware
Malicious software designed to harm or exploit any programmable device.
Firewall
A system that protects networks from unauthorized access.
Cloud Storage
A service that stores data on the internet for access and backup.
SSD (Solid State Drive)
A high-speed storage device that uses flash memory to store data persistently, offering faster access times than traditional hard drives.
MAC Address
A unique 48-bit identifier assigned to a Network Interface Controller (NIC) for communication at the data link layer of a network segment.
IP Address (Internet Protocol)
A unique numerical label, such as a 32-bit (IPv4) or 128-bit (IPv6) address, used to identify a device on a network.
DNS (Domain Name System)
The service that translates human-readable domain names into numerical IP addresses that computers use to identify each other on the network.
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)
A network protocol that automatically assigns IP addresses and other communication parameters to devices connected to the network.
Thermal Paste
A thermally conductive compound applied between the processor and the heat sink to fill air gaps and improve heat dissipation.
POST (Power-On Self-Test)
A diagnostic testing sequence run by the BIOS/UEFI immediately after a computer is powered on to check the validity of hardware components.
Form Factor
The standard physical dimensions and layout for computer hardware components, such as ATX or ITX for motherboards.
RAID (Redundant Array of Independent Disks)
A technology that combines multiple physical disk drives into a single logical unit for data redundancy, performance improvement, or both.
Bandwidth
The maximum data transfer rate of a network or Internet connection, typically measured in bits per second (bps).
UEFI (Unified Extensible Firmware Interface)
A modern firmware standard for PCs designed to replace the traditional BIOS, offering faster boot times and support for larger hard drives.
Multimeter
An electronic measuring instrument that combines several measurement functions in one unit, such as voltage, current, and resistance.
Bit
The smallest unit of data in a computer, representing a binary value of either 0 or 1.
Byte
A unit of digital information that most commonly consists of 8 bits.
ESD Strap
A device that helps protect computer components from static electricity.
Chassis
The case that holds all the computer parts.
Loopback Plug
A tool that tests ports to identify problems with internet connections.
Power Supply
A component that supplies power to the computer components.
Hard Drive
A storage device that holds digital data.
Memory (DIMM)
Temporary storage in a computer used for data.
Motherboard
The main circuit board of the computer, housing crucial components.
Expansion Card
A card that allows the addition of features to a computer.
Processor
The brain of the computer that processes data and generates heat.
Fan
A component that cools down the processor and the motherboard.
PCIe Slot
A slot used to connect components to the motherboard.
Optical Drive
A device that uses a laser to read and write data.
Zero Insertion Force (ZIF)
Allows different circuits to connect to a component's pins without force.
SATA Cable
A cable that connects storage devices to the motherboard.
Heat Sink
A component that cools the processor by dissipating heat.
VGA Port
A port that connects monitors and projectors.
RJ-11
A type of connector mainly used for analog phones.
Serial Port (DB-9)
A 9-pin connector that transmits data between devices.
Parallel Port (DB-25)
A 25-pin connector used for connecting printers and scanners.
Thunderbolt 3 Port
A USB-C connector that provides high-speed data transfer.
PS/2 Port
A connector used for keyboards and mice.
DVI Port
A port that transmits digital video signals.
HDMI
A cable that transmits high-definition video and audio.
Display Port
A connector used for video and audio signals.
USB (Universal Serial Bus)
A port used for connecting various devices like mice and keyboards.
Firewire Port
An outdated high-speed data transfer port.
SPDIF Port
A digital interface for transmitting audio signals.
Audio Jack
A port used for transferring audio to devices like headphones.
Ethernet Port (RJ45)
A port used to connect to the internet.
Northbridge
Handles high-speed communication between CPU, memory, and graphics.
Southbridge
Manages input/output operations and connects devices.
Device driver
Software that allows the operating system to communicate with hardware.
BIOS
Basic input/output system; firmware that controls the boot process.
CMOS Battery
Maintains the real-time clock and BIOS settings.
Dynamic RAM (DRAM)
The most common type of system memory that needs refreshing.
Static RAM (SRAM)
RAM that retains information without needing refreshing.
ECC (Error Correcting Code)
Memory that can detect and correct internal data corruption.
Universal Plug and Play (UPnP)
A set of networking protocols that allows networked devices to discover and communicate with each other.
Hypervisor
Software that creates and manages virtual machines.
Virtualization
A technology that allows multiple virtual machines to run on a single physical hardware.
Local Area Network (LAN)
A network that connects computers in a limited area.
Note 
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