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Misperception
A misjudgment or incorrect interpretation of a situation or stimulus.
Perception
The organization and interpretation of sensory information to understand the environment.
Sensation
The process of receiving information from the environment through sensory organs.
Transduction
The conversion of stimuli detected by sensory receptor cells into electrical impulses that are sent to the brain.
Psychophysics
The study of the relationship between physical stimuli and the sensations and perceptions they produce.
Absolute threshold
The minimum intensity of a stimulus that can just barely be detected.
Difference threshold
The smallest change in a stimulus that can just barely be detected, also known as just noticeable difference (JND).
Signal detection theory
A theory that explains how we detect signals amidst background noise; considers sensitivity and response bias.
Weber's Law
The principle stating that the just noticeable difference of a stimulus is a constant proportion of the original stimulus.
Subliminal stimuli
Stimuli that are presented below the absolute threshold and are not consciously detected but can still influence behavior.
Note 
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