Jefferson Era

Election of 1800

Election of 1800

Crisis of 1800, 2nd Rebellion (switch to DR), Bloodless revolution, America’s Democratic Experiment

• Tie between two DR

• Bur vs Jefferson (73 each)

• Hamilton supports Jefferson and is horrified at the amount of support Burr has

• Someone submits a blank Ballot for Burr in the HOR

• Feds debate on having no one in so there would be a interregnum government led by lame duck federalists

  • VA and PA should storm DC

  • states would leave

Justices of a peice

right before Fed Congress and presidents leave, they appoint a bunch of federal judges for life as an attempt for FEderalists to stay relavent

Difference between election of 1800 and 1804

in 1804 DR had so much more support and Feda are irrelavent

Adam’s finest gift to America

John Marshall

John Marshall

• Jan 1801

• Chief Justice

• Fully committed to capitalism

• “The wealth of the nation would be ideas out into action” (Pattent protection)

• Progressive

• Opposed to Jeffersonian agricultural and vaults of precious metals

• Consertative

• His philosophy wins

Jefferson is in office from

1801-1809

Another name for Jefferson

Sage of Monticello

Monticello was his house in Virginia called little mountain

12 amendment

VP was not second place and was moved to a separate ballot

republican country lasted from

1800-1824

Two people after an election

President elect: winner of the election on their way to take office

Lame duck: loser of the election and can either make good decisions, make crazy decisons, or do nothing as they are on their way out

Ideas of Jefferson

• Pay states debts with federal money

• Cut federal budget

• reduce national debt

• end Allien and Sedition acts

• reduce army/navy

• end wiskey tax

• Laaissex faire central govenment- hands off

• Frugality

What did adams think about Jefferson and them

too weak to lead the country and was scared for the future, as th lame duck he tries to hold power by appointing the MIDNIGHT JUDGES

Midnight judges

• Angerd Jeff and Madision

• Marshall (secretary of state in 1800) is in charge of delivering appointments

• Job falls in Madison’s lap bc Marshall failed his duty

  • Madison wants to deliver but Jefferson said fuck no

• Marbury is like dude where tf is my appointment

Marbury vs Madison

Landmark case 1803

• Established judicial review

• Judiciary act of 1784 is unconstitutional

• Gives the court the ability to decide if lasw are constitutional or not. Can nullify.

• This power is not clearly stated in the constitution

• Wasn’t used again until Dred Scott case

• MAdison W

People in MvM

JA- lame duck who appointed judges

MAr- guy who was supposed to get appointment, plaintiff who sues for his papers

JEff- president elect who refused to give papers

MAd- secretary of state, defendent

Marsh- ironic bc it was his fault but he decided the ase

Barbary Coast

North coast of Africa where pirate would not attack previously because we were under the British. British paid tribute and had the fiercest navy in the world

Tangier, Algeirs, Tunis, Tripoli

Under Ottoman empire

What would the Barbary pirates/ottoman corsairs do in the 1780s-90s

• capture and harass American shiping

  • bc we did not have protection

• Our navy sucked so we didn’t do anything

  • 1800s- Jefferson puts a stop to it

• America refused to pay tribute

  • the more frequent we pay, the more they ask for

  • pirates stole our cargo and enslave people for ransom

First Barbary War 1804

• US attack Tripoli Harbor

• First time we went overseas to fight an enemy

• Led by US Navy Officer- Stephen Decoutur

• Scuttled and captured the 36 gun USS Philadelphia to remove it from enemy hands after it ran aground in the reef in 1803 and its people were captured.

• Burned it to the ground; womp womp

Derna

1805

• 8 Americans hire 500 mercenaries (international) to take out pirates

• Led by Eaton travel across Sahara desert 500mi to sneak up from behind. supplied by ship midway

• first time American flag was raised on foreign soil in victory contributing to our national confidence

• Not unconditional surrender

  • peace treaty to end war

  • yes to ransom

  • no to tribute

• 10k payed to Eaton at time of Burr trial

• Significance: America will use our military to defend commercial and national lands around the rold. Loose construction

2nd War 1815-1816

Our kick ass Navy got the W quickly

Jefferson’s 2nd term

1804

International problems

France and Britain were at war, we were trading with both and both were unhappy we were trading with the other

Non-Imporation Laws

• Banned British goods

  • bc they impressed 10,000 of our sailors

    • in the name of deserters and citizenship

  • stealing

  • giving weapons and rhetoric to NA

• British were in Detroit, Canada, and Florida

• Jefferson does all he can to AVOID WAR

Chesapeake Incident

British Lepord ordered American ship Chesapeake to stop. We refuse, it open fires, and kills 3, wounds 8, 4 people are taken, and 1 is hanged. Sparks embargo act

Embargo act 1807

US ships can not trade in all foreign ports

Banned importation of British goods and British ships in the harbor.

Punished us the most, especially new England who lost their livelyhood. This boosted Federalists support and federalism. Also encouraged smuggling

To enforce the embargo act

Jefferson sends troops to Canada and Champlan both ARMY and NAVY to block our own ships. 30,000 sailors unemployed, price down.

Repeals it at the end bc he knows its mad

1807

Burr was tried but aquitted by Marshall, Still shameful