Developmental Behavioral Genetics and Cognitive Development

These flashcards cover key concepts in developmental behavioral genetics, cognitive development theory, particularly those posited by Piaget, and studies on the influence of genetics and environment on behavior.

Identical Twins

Twins that develop from a single fertilized egg and share the same genetic material.

Fraternal Twins

Twins that develop from two separate fertilized eggs, sharing the same womb but genetically similar like regular siblings.

Nature vs. Nurture

The debate concerning whether genetics (nature) or environment (nurture) has a greater impact on human development.

Behavior Genetics

The field of study that examines the interplay between genetic and environmental influences on behavior.

Piaget's Stages of Development

A framework consisting of four stages: Sensorimotor, Preoperational, Concrete Operational, and Formal Operational that describe cognitive development in children.

Object Permanence

The understanding that objects continue to exist even when they cannot be seen, which develops during the Sensorimotor stage.

Egocentrism

The inability of a preoperational child to take another person’s point of view, often demonstrated through specific tasks such as the three mountain test.

Imprinting

A rapid, automatic form of learning whereby young animals develop attachments to their caregivers.

Harlow’s Study

Research conducted on Rhesus monkeys demonstrating the importance of comfort over food in forming attachments.

Contact Comfort

The physical and emotional comfort that a child or infant receives from close contact with their caregiver.

Cognitive Structures

Mental frameworks or schemas that help individuals process and organize information.