PHYL-141L Exam Review #1

Right hypochondriac region

What is this region called?

liver and gallbladder

What organ(s) can be found in this region?

Epigastric region

What is this region called?

stomach

What organ(s) can be found in this region?

Left hypochondriac region

What is this region called?

spleen and diaphragm

What organ(s) can be found in this region?

left lumbar region

What is this region called?

umbilical region

What is this region called?

right lumbar region

What is this region called?

small and large intestine

What organ(s) can be found in these regions?

Right iliac/inguinal region

What is this region called?

appendix and cecum

What organ(s) can be found in these regions?

Hypogastric region

What is this region called?

urinary bladder

What organ(s) can be found in these regions?

left iliac/inguinal region

What is this region called?

colon

What organ(s) can be found in these regions?

Nucleus

What holds genetic information (DNA)?

cytoplasm

What contains fluid called cytosol and holds other organelles together

plasma membrane

What has protective barrier with selected permeability?

Ribosomes

tiny bodies composed of RNA and protein. floating free or attached to the ER. site of protein synthesis

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

Membranous system of tubules that extends throughout the cytoplasm. two varieties: rough and smooth.

Mitochondria

the powerhouse of cell; contains enzyme that oxides food to produce cellular energy (ATP)

cytoskeleton

provides cellular support; function in intracellular transport

-Microfilament
-Intermediate filament
-microtubule

3 types of cytoskeleton (cytoskeletal elements)

Microfilament

largely of actin; contractile protein; important in cell mobility especially in muscle cells

intermediate filament

stable element composed of a variety of proteins; resist mechanical forces acting on cell

microtubule

form the internal structure of centrioles; help determine cell shape

Mitosis
Meiosis

Two cell division

Mitosis

Production of 2 identical daughter cells through cytokinesis

meiosis

Production of 4 genetically different daughter cells (only in
reproductive organs)- 2 set of stages

Interphase

What phase is this?

early Prophase

What phase is this?

late Prophase

What phase is this?

metaphase

What phase is this?

anaphase

What phase is this?

telophase/cytokinesis

What phase is this?

osmosis

The flow of water across a selectively
permeable membrane

Hypotonic solution

net water gain; cell swells

Hypertonic solution

net water loss; cell shrinks

isotonic solution

no net loss or gain

endocytosis

transportation into cell

-phagocytosis
-pinocytosis
-receptor-mediated endocytosis

Endocytosis: 3 Types

phagocytosis

cell eating; cell engulfs material (ex: macrophages and other white blood cells)

pinocytosis

cell drinking; cell “gulps” drop of extracellular fluid containing
dissolved molecules & is non-specific (ex: cells that line the intestines)

receptor-mediated endocytosis

specific mechanism of endocytosis that involves receptor proteins on the plasma membrane
(ex: absorption of hormones, insulin, and
enzymes)

long bone

name the bone

radius

what is this?

ulna

what is this?

short bone

name the bone

carpal bone

what is this?

flat bone

name the bone

parietal bone

what is this?

irregular bone

name the bone

vertebra

what is this?

sesamoid bone

name of bone

patella

what is this?

sutural bone

name of bone

suture

what is this?

proximal epiphysis

this is a structure of a long bone (humerus), what is this part called?

diaphysis

this is a structure of a long bone (humerus), what is this part called?

distal epiphysis

this is a structure of a long bone (humerus), what is this part called?

spongy bone

this is a structure of a long bone (humerus), what is this part called?

compact bone

this is a structure of a long bone (humerus), what is this part called?

articular cartilage

this is a structure of a long bone (humerus), what is this part called?

endosteum

this is a structure of a long bone (humerus), what is this part called?

yellow bone marrow

this is a structure of a long bone (humerus), what is this part called?

compact bone

this is a structure of a long bone (humerus), what is this part called?

periosteum

this is a structure of a long bone (humerus), what is this part called?

perforating (sharpey's) fiber

this is a structure of a long bone (humerus), what is this part called?

nutrient arteries

this is a structure of a long bone (humerus), what is this part called?

osteon (haversian system)

this is a microscopic structure of a compact bone, what is this part called?

canaliculi

this is a microscopic structure of a compact bone, what is this part called?

osteocyte in a lacuna

this is a microscopic structure of a compact bone, what is this part called?

lamellae

this is a microscopic structure of a compact bone, what is this part called?

central canal

this is a microscopic structure of a compact bone, what is this part called?

lacunae

this is a microscopic structure of a compact bone, what is this part called?

canal or meatus

this is the main surface features of the skull, what is this?

process

this is the main surface features of the skull, what is this?

sinus

this is the main surface features of the skull, what is this?

foramen

this is the main surface features of the skull, what is this?

fissure

this is the main surface features of the skull, what is this?

head

this is the main surface features of the humerus, what is this?

tubercle

this is the main surface features of the humerus, what is this?

sulcus

this is the main surface features of the humerus, what is this?

tuberosity

this is the main surface features of the humerus, what is this?

diaphysis

this is the main surface features of the humerus, what is this?

trochlea

this is the main surface features of the humerus, what is this?

condyle

this is the main surface features of the humerus, what is this?

trochanter

this is the main surface features of the femur, what is this?

head

this is the main surface features of the femur, what is this?

neck

this is the main surface features of the femur, what is this?

diaphysis

this is the main surface features of the femur, what is this?

facet

this is the main surface features of the femur, what is this?

condyle

this is the main surface features of the femur, what is this?

crest

this is the main surface features of the pelvis, what is this?

fossa

this is the main surface features of the pelvis, what is this?

line

this is the main surface features of the pelvis, what is this?

spine

this is the main surface features of the pelvis, what is this?

ramus

this is the main surface features of the pelvis, what is this?

skull

this is the anterior view for the axial portion, what is this?