Absolute rulers quiz 5/22/2025

Philip II

King of Spain who annexed Portugal in 1580.

Divine Right of Kings

Monarch's authority derived from God's will.

El Greco

Famous Greek painter contributing to Spanish arts.

Don Quixote

Novel by Cervantes, a significant literary work.

Edict of Nantes

Granted religious freedom to Huguenots in France.

Cardinal Richelieu

Chief minister who strengthened royal power in France.

Louis XIV

French king known as the Sun King.

Palace of Versailles

Lavish residence built by Louis XIV outside Paris.

Jean-Baptiste Colbert

Economic advisor who improved French trade and taxes.

War of the Spanish Succession

Conflict over Spanish throne succession involving Louis XIV.

Treaty of Utrecht

1713 agreement ending the War of Spanish Succession.

Michael Romanov

Elected czar of Russia in 1613, founding dynasty.

Peter the Great

Czar who westernized Russia and expanded its territory.

St. Petersburg

New capital city built by Peter the Great.

Service Nobility

Noble rank based on service to the state.

Catherine the Great

Empress who expanded Russian territory and influence.

First Partition of Poland

1772 division of Poland among Prussia, Austria, Russia.

Spanish Armada

Fleet defeated by England under Queen Elizabeth I.

James I

King of England who believed in divine right.

Charles I

Son of James I, faced conflict with Parliament.

Louis XIII

Sickly king who relied on Cardinal Richelieu.

Huguenots

French Protestants persecuted during the reign of Louis XIV.

Thirty Years' War

Conflict involving multiple European powers, 1618-1648.

Treaty of Westphalia

Ended Thirty Years' War, strengthening France.

Catherine II

Catherine the Great, known for territorial expansion.

Jacques Cartier

Explorer who claimed Canada for France.

Samuel de Champlain

Founded Quebec and initiated fur trade in Canada.