Science chapter studyguide: The Laws of Motion

Friction

________: a type of force that opposes the sliding of two surfaces touching each other.

Inertia

________: The tendency of an object to resist a change in its motion.

Gravity

________: an attractive force between two objects.

same direction

An object's momentum is in the ________ as its velocity.

Sir Issac Newton

________ developed the law of universal gravitation which states all objects are attracted to each other by a gravitational force.

Weight

________ is the gravitational force exerted on an object; because ________ is force it is measured in newtons.

Mass

________: matter in an object.

Velocity

________ is speed in a certain direction.

Elastic collision

________: when colliding objects bounce off each other.

contact force

A(n) ________ is a push or pull on one object by another that is touching it.

Inelastic collision

________: when objects collide and stick together.

Momentum

________ is a measure of how hard it is to stop a moving object.

net force

An object will accelerate in the direction of the (unbalanced) ________.

opposite direction

When an object applies a force on another object, the second object applies a force of the same strength on the first object, but the force is in the ________.

Arrows

________ can be used to show forces.

Newtons second law of motion

According to ________, the acceleration of an object is equal to the net force acting on the object divided by the objects mass.

Friction

________ and inertia cause objects to stop moving.

Gravity

________ is an attractive force that exists between all objects that have mass (the amount of matter in an object, measured in kilograms .)

net force

When unbalanced forces act on an object at rest, the object begins moving in the direction of the ________.

Friction

________ is a force that resists the motion of two surfaces that are touching.

net force

The combination of all forces acting on an object is the ________.

Chapter 2 study guide

The laws of motion

Force

a push or pull

Contact force

a force that one object exerts on on another object while touching it

Noncontact force

a force one object can exert on another without touching it

Gravity

an attractive force between two objects

Mass

matter in an object

Weight

the gravitational force exerted on an object

Friction

a type of force that opposes the sliding of two surfaces touching each other

Net force

the sum of all forces working on one object

Balanced force

when the net force acting on an object does not cause a change in its motion

Unbalanced force

when the net force acting on an object causes the motion of an object to change

Newton's 1st law of motion

an object will move at a constant velocity until unbalanced force acts on it

Inertia

The tendency of an object to resist a change in its motion

Newton's 2nd law of motion

f=ma force = mass x acceleration

Circular motion

any motion in which an object moves in a curved path

Centripetal force

a force that is exerted toward the center of a curved path

Newton's 3rd law of motion

if one object exerts a force on another the second object exerts an equal yet opposite force on the first object

Force pair

force two objects apply to each other

Momentum

a measure of how hard it is to stop an moving object

Law of conservation of Momentum

the total momentum of a group of objects stays the same unless outside forces act on the objects

Newton's second law equation

Force (Newtons) = Mass (kg) * Acceleration (m/s2)

Elastic collision

when colliding objects bounce off each other

Inelastic collision

when objects collide and stick together