BIO1107 Final Jeopardy

This occurs just before meiosis II, but unlike interphase, no chromosomes are duplicated

Interkinesis

What is a well-tested, broad explanation of a natural phenomenon.

Scientific theory

Carbon has how many valence electrons?

4

What are the four major elements that make up life?

nitrogen, oxygen, carbon, and hydrogen

The element, Oxygen (8) has 8 NEUTRONS. What is the atomic mass and atomic number of this element?

The atomic mass is 16 and the atomic number is 8.

What are the three key parts of a Phospholipid?

phosphate group, glycerol, and 2 fatty acids

What are all seven major functional groups?

carboxyl, carbonyl, methyl, sulfhydryl, amine, hydroxyl, and phosphate

The cell membrane mostly consists of this

phospholipid bilayer

In facilitated diffusion, Water moves in this direction.

Higher concentration to lower (downward) – down concentration gradient

If a reaction is considered Spontaneous what value would ΔG have and what would it be called.

Negative delta G and exergonic

Name three main differences in Prokaryotic cells and Eukaryotic cells

Nucleoid vs nucleus, No membrane bound organelles vs membrane bound organelles, Unicellular vs multi-cellular, Smaller/simpler vs larger/more complex

What are the three fibers of the cytoskeleton?

Microtubules, microfilaments, intermediate filaments

Molecules that comprise protein and carbohydrate chains that are involved in many physiological functions including being used by viruses, for cell recognition, and  used in immunity.

Glycoproteins

The type of cellular respiration that utilizes oxygen is called.

aerobic

The Reducing agent in a redox reaction is ___ , and the oxidizing agent is ___ .

oxidized; reduced

What are the four stages of cellular respiration in order?

glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, citric acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation

the process of diffusion of ions (usually H+ ions/protons) across a selectively permeable membrane.

chemiosmosis

What is the main photosynthetic pigment? Plus name an accessory pigment

Chlorophyll A; Carotenoid or Chlorophyll B

This specific enzyme used in oxidative phosphorylation uses energy of an existing ion gradient to generate power

ATP Synthase

The 22 non-sex chromosomes are called this`

Autosomes

Independent assortment of chromosomes occurs during this phase of meiosis

Metaphase I

This enzyme acts like a glue to bind the Okazaki fragments together

DNA Ligase

This enzyme reduces strain caused by the unwinding of DNA

topoisomerase

During DNA Replication, errors occur 1 in ___.

10 billion

What are 2 dominantly inherited disorders

Dwarfism and Huntington’s Disease

Type AB Blood is an example of this

codominance

Alleles of each gene segregate during this phase of meiosis

Anaphase I

Down syndrome is an example of this condition where an abnormal amount of chromosomes are present

Aneuploid/Aneuploidy - Triploidy

Males are _____ because they only require 1 allele to inherit a recessive x-linked trait

Hemizygous

List 2 of the 4 concepts of mendel’s model

Alleles are alternative version of genes, inherit 2 alleles per trait (1 per parent), dominant vs. recessive, law of segregation?

Transcription occurs in the ____ and translation occurs in the ____

Nucleus; Cytoplasm

In this cycle, phages replicate without killing the host cell

lysogenic

This viral shape is spherical

Icosahedral

This is viral RNA that is complementary to mrna and must be converted by RNA polymerase before translation

antisense or negative sense

Sickle Cell Anemia is caused by this type of mutation

missense mutation

Name the three nucleotide pair substitution mutations

silent, missense, and nonsense