T11 - Blood circulation and immune system in aging

Content of bone marrow

Less red marrow, more yellow marrow

Hematopoeitic stem cell - property

less regenerative, more hematopoeitic

Type of hematopoetic stem cell - frequency

more phenotypic HSC - more myeloid, less lymphoid

Old HSC - polarity

Cdc42, apolarity

Myeloid skew - cells

rbc, neutrophil, eosinophil, basophil

Reason for more HSC differentiation 

altered endosteal niche 

DNA damage and altered DNA damage response

increase ros, increase dna damage → malignancy

Old HSC - clonality

Clonal Hematopoiesis of Interdeterminate Potential → increase in clone → increase in mutation 

Old HSC - epigenetic drift

DNA methylation, histone posttranslational modification, chromatin reorganization

Old HSC - intrinsic signaling pathway

TGF1-B, Motch, NF-kB, Wnt