assessment of risk factors in pregnancy

genetic disorders, nutritional health, general health, medical illness, obstetric illness

biophysical risk factors

emotional distress, disturbed interpersonal relationships, inadequate social support, unsafe cultural practices

psychological risk factors

lack of prenatal care, low income, marital status, ethnicity

sociodemographic risk factors

hazards in the workplace/environment like chemicals, gases, and radiation

environmental risk factors

in early pregnancy, __ is used to confirm EDC, number of fetuses, fetal cardiac movement and rhythm, and uterine abnormalities

ultrasound

at 18 weeks, ultrasound is used to detect

heart/congenital malformations

five things tested in a biophysical profile

breathing movements, body movements, fetal tone, heart reactivity, amniotic fluid volume

each biophysical profile variable is scored as __ or _

0 2

reassuring biophysical profile amount

8-10

equivocal biophysical profile amount

6

deliver the baby biophysical profile amount

<6

prenatal screening that tests the back of the neck for increased fluid or thickening

ultrasound for nuchal translucency

nuchal translucency, high PAPP-A, and abnormal hCG indicate __

trisomy 21/18

a __ is important in first and second trimester to view fetus during ultrasounds

full bladder

have mom drink __ glasses of water before ultrasound

2-4

do not let mom watch US when determining __

viability

prenatal screening for genetic abnormalities that test fetal DNA in maternal blood at 10 weeks

NIPT

the __ can tell the gender of the fetus

NIPT

HCG and estriol help detect __

trisomies 18/21

low levels of MSAFP indicate

down syndromeh

high levels of MSAFP indicate

open neural tube defect

placental hormone inhibin A quad screens detect __ in women <35

trisomy 21

early amniocentesis is used to do __ evaluation

chromosomal

later amniocentesis is used to test __

lung maturity

mature LS ratio is

2:1

amniocentesis does __ immunization testing

Rh

monitor FHT for __ after amniocentesis

1 hour

pt should have full __ for amniocentesis in early preg

bladder

removal of small tissue specimen from fetal portion of placenta that gives rapid results

CVS

CVS happens within __ of gestation

10-12

pt may have sharp pain upon __ for CVS

catheter insertion

CVS can cause __ 5% of the time

spontaneous abortion

kick count should be __ in a 12 hour period

10-12

kick count should be _ movements in 60 mins x2-3 a day

3

maternal reporting of a change in typical fetal activity is a __ documentation

formal

__ is indicated to determine whether intrauterine environment continues to be supportive of the fetus

EFM

vibroacoustic stimulation should cause a

fetal response

a CST or OCT is done when a __ is nonreactive

NST

placenta previa, preterm labor, previous cesarean with vertical incision, or maternal medical conditions are contraindicated for

CST

no late decelerations with at least three contractions in 10 minutes

negative CST

late decelerations occurring with at least 50% of contractions, suggests fetal hypoxia

positive CST

test results inconclusive (not enough contractions or maternal discomfort)

unsatisfactory CST

an NST is used after 28 weeks for __ pregnancies

high risk

reassuring NST is 2 FHR accelerations above baseline HR within __ minutes

20

the baby __ cycle can cause a falsely nonreassuring NST

sleep

__ medications can also cause a false nonreassuring NST

narcotic

the next step after a nonreassuring NST is a __

biophysical profile