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Holland US History II, MATES 2026
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Panama Canal (1914)
canal that connected the Pacific and Atlantic oceans right before South America
one of the greatest engineering feats of all time
thousands of died from accidents or disease
opened in 1914
Panama gained control in 1999
Roosevelt Corollary
US claimed the right to protect its economic interest with military intervention in the affairs of W hemisphere nations
1904 extension of the Monroe Doctrine
dollar diplomacy
tactic used to keep European powers out of the W hemisphere
US used economic power to back loans made by other countries
US pays off European debts off for other countries → the other country now owes America
keeps US control and Euro powers out
Missionary Diplomacy
US had a moral obligation to deny recognition to oppressive, undemocratic or hostile governments in Latin America (push for democracy)
Francisco “Pancho” Villa & Emiliana Zapata
rebels who opposed new govt.
undermined new govt. relationship with the US
1916: killed 18 American engineers and raided New Mexico killing 17
John J. Pershing
US general ordered to invade and capture Villa
(intervention in Mexico proved imperialist attitudes of Americans)
3 foreign policy goals (early 20th century)
expanded access to foreign markets
built a modern navy to protect interest abroad
exercised international police power to ensure dominance in Latin America