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Last updated 2:20 AM on 3/6/25
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11 Terms
1
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What is the purpose of the genetic code in translation?
It specifies which amino acid will be used to build a protein.
2
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Define codon.
A sequence of three nucleotide bases that specifies one amino acid.
3
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What is an anticodon?
A sequence on tRNA that is complementary to the corresponding mRNA codon.
4
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What is the role of tRNA in translation?
tRNA carries amino acids to the ribosome and has an anticodon that pairs with mRNA codons.
5
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What happens during the initiation phase of translation?
A complex forms around the mRNA, including the small ribosomal subunit, charged tRNA, and the large ribosomal subunit.
6
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What is always the first amino acid in a polypeptide?
Methionine.
7
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What are the three sites of the ribosome during translation?
E, P, and A sites.
8
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What occurs during the elongation phase of translation?
Amino acids are sequentially added to the growing polypeptide chain as the ribosome moves along the mRNA strand.
9
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What triggers termination in the translation process?
A stop codon arriving in the A site.
10
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What is a signal sequence on a protein?
It indicates where the protein’s 'job' is to be carried out.
11
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What is one type of post-translational modification?
Phosphorylation, glycosylation, or proteolysis.
