5 - Liabilities of Physicians 2026

• Revised Penal Code (Art. 174, 259, 365)

• RA 9165 (Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act)

• Other special penal laws

Basis for Criminal Liability

• Civil Code Articles 19, 20, 21, 2176

Basis for civil liability

Medical Act 1959 and Code of Ethics

Basis for Administrative Liability

Criminal cases

Guilty beyond reasonable doubt is needed for conviction in?

Civil cases

Preponderance of evidence is needed for liability in?

Administrative cases

Substantial evidence is needed to determine liability

Imprisonment and/or fine

Penalty in criminal cases

Damages

Penalty in civil cases

Warning, reprimand, suspension, revocation of license

Penalty in administrative cases

2 years

Reinstatement of license after how many years?

Board of Medicine

Venue of trial for administrative cases?