Latin idioms 1: the world and nature

rerum universitas / mundi universitas

the universe

rerum natura / natura

creation; nature

haec omnia, quae videmus

the visible world

totius mundi convenientia et consensus

the perfect harmony of the universe

deus mundum aedificavit, fabricatus est, effecit (non creavit)

God made the world

deus est mundi procreator (non creator), aedificator, fabricator, opifex rerum

God is the Creator of the world

elementa / initia rerum / principia rerum

the elements

elementa et tamquam semina rerum

the elements and first beginnings

nutus et pondus / nutus

gravity

orbis terrae / orbis terrarum

the earth; the globe

terra continens

the continent

terra mediterranea / regio mediterranea

an inland region; the interior

interior Asia / interiora Asiae

the interior of Asia

sinus urbis

the heart of the city

in ipsam Graeciam penetrare / in intimam Graeciam penetrare

to penetrate into the heart of Greece

terra effert fruges / terra fert fruges

the earth brings forth fruit, crops

terra fundit fruges

the earth brings forth fruit abundantly

animata (animalia) inanimaque

animate and inanimate nature

ea, quae terra gignit

the vegetable kingdom

ea, quae e terra gignuntur

the vegetable kingdom

ea, quae a terra stirpibus continentur

the vegetable kingdom

ea quorum stirpes terra continentur

the vegetable kingdom

arbores stirpesque / herbae stirpesque

the vegetable kingdom

radices agere

to take root

gemmas agere

to bud, blossom

gemmae proveniunt

the trees are budding

arbores frondescunt

the trees are coming into leaf

rami late diffunduntur

the twigs are shooting out, spreading

montes vestiti silvis

wooded hills

summus mons

the top of a mountain

culmina Alpium

the summits of the Alps

sub radicibus montis / in infimo monte / sub monte

at the foot of the mountain

superare Alpes / superare Pyrenaeum / superare Apenninum

to cross the Alps, Pyrenees, Apennines

altissimis montibus undique contineri

to be shut in on all sides by very high mountains

prospectus est ad aliquid

one has a view over...; one is able to see as far as...

collis leniter ab infimo acclivis

a gentle ascent

ad extremum tumulum

on the edge of the hill

loca edita / loca superiora

heights, high ground

loca aspera et montuosa

rough and hilly ground

loca plana / plana

level country; plains

saxa praerupta

steep rocks

loca inculta

uncultivated districts

loca deserta

deserts

loca amoena / amoenitas locorum

pleasant districts; charming surroundings

summa aqua

the surface of the water

ex aqua exstare

to stand out of the water

aqua est umbilico tenus

the water reaches to the waist

aqua pectus aequat / aqua pectus superat

the water is up to, is above, the chest

(se) ex aqua emergere

to come to the surface

aquam ex flumine derivare

to draw off water from a river

aquam ducere per hortum

to bring a stream of water through the garden

aquae ductus / aquarum ductus

a conduit; an aqueduct

agros irrigare

to irrigate fields

aqua viva / aqua profluens

running water

aqua iugis / aqua perennis

a perpetual spring

frigidā lavari / calidā lavari

to take a cold, warm bath

aquae inops / aquarum inops

ill-watered

fluctuare / fluctuari

driven by the waves

fluctibus iactari

tossed hither and thither by the waves

fluctibus (undis) obrui / fluctuibus (undis) submergi

to be engulfed

gurgitibus hauriri

to be drowned in the eddies

flumen citatum fertur

the river flows with a rapid current

flumen imbribus auctum

a river swollen by the rain

flumen super ripas effunditur

the river is over its banks, is in flood

flumen extra ripas diffluit

the river is over its banks, is in flood

flumen agros inundat

the river floods the fields

flumen vado transire

to wade across, to ford a river

flumine secundo

with the stream; downstream

flumine adverso

against the stream; upstream

Rhenus oritur ex Alpibus / Rhenus profluit ex Alpibus

the Rhine rises in the Alps

accessus et recessus aestuum

ebb and flow (of tide)

decessus aestus

the ebb

aestus maritimi mutuo accedentes et recedentes

the alternation of tides

aestus ex alto se incitat

the tide is coming in

aestu rursus minuente

when the tide begins to go down

mare ventorum vi agitatur et turbatur

there is a storm at sea

mare medium / mare internum

the Mediterranean Sea

ignem facere / ignem accendere

to light, make a fire

ignem tectis inferre / ignem tectis subicere

to set fire to houses

ignem concipere / ignem comprehendere

to take fire

ignem excitare

to make up, stir up a fire

ignem alere

to keep up a fire

aedificia accendere / aedificia incendere

to set buildings on fire

inflammare urbem

to set fire to a city

flammis corripi

to be devoured by the flames

incendio flagrare / conflagrare / ardere

to be on fire, in flames

incendio deleri / incendio absūmi

to be burned to ashes

igni cremari / igni necari

to perish in the flames

ignem conclamare

to raise an alarm of fire

ventus ignem distulit

the wind spread the conflagration

aer terrae circumiectus / aer terrae circumfusus

the atmosphere

aer qui est terrae proximus

the atmosphere

suspicere in caelum

to raise the eyes to heaven; to look up to the sky

oculos tollere ad caelum / oculos attollere ad caelum

to raise the eyes to heaven; to look up to the sky

sub divo

in the open air

orbis finiens

the horizon

caelum / natura caeli

climate

caelum salubre / salubritas caeli

healthy climate

caeli temperatio

temperate climate

aer calore et frigore temperatus

temperate climate