Anatomy unit 2 Review

studied byStudied by 9 people
0.0(0)
Get a hint
Hint

Epidermis

1 / 48

encourage image

There's no tags or description

Looks like no one added any tags here yet for you.

49 Terms

1

Epidermis

The uppermost layer of skin, made of stratified squamous epithelium, continuously renewed with new layers pushed to the surface.

New cards
2

Dermis

The middle layer of skin, composed of dense connective tissue, containing collagen, elastic fibers, blood vessels, nerves, hair follicles, and glands.

New cards
3

Hypodermis

The lowest layer of skin, consisting of loose connective tissue and fat, not directly connected to the skin.

New cards
4

Protection

One of the skin's functions, providing a barrier against infection, waterproofing, and reflecting UV radiation.

New cards
5

Sensory

A function of the skin that involves detecting temperature, pressure, touch, and pain through nerve endings.

New cards
6

Thermoregulation

The skin's ability to regulate body temperature by preventing heat loss and expelling heat through sweating.

New cards
7

Storage

The function of the skin that involves storing adipose tissue for energy and thermal regulation.

New cards
8

Secretion

The process by which skin glands, such as sebaceous and sudiferous glands, release substances like oil and sweat.

New cards
9

Communication

The skin's role in conveying information through pheromones and visual signals, such as raised hackles.

New cards
10

Melanin

The pigment produced by melanocytes in the epidermis, responsible for skin color and UV radiation reflection.

New cards
11

Arrector pili muscle

A muscle that contracts to pull hair upright, causing goosebumps.

New cards
12

Keratin

A protein in the skin that provides waterproofing.

New cards
13

Nail root

The part of the nail from which it grows.

New cards
14

Hair follicles

Structures in the dermis where hair forms.

New cards
15

Vasodilation

The process of blood vessel dilation, where muscles around the vessel enlarge to increase blood flow.

New cards
16

Vasoconstriction

The process of blood vessel constriction, where muscles around the vessel tighten to decrease blood flow.

New cards
17

Cycloid scales

Thin, large, round/oval fish scales with overlapping growth rings, found in species like salmon and trout.

New cards
18

Ctenoid scales

Fish scales with spines or comb-like teeth on the edges, found in perches and sunfishes.

New cards
19

Placoid scales

Spiny, tooth-like projections found in cartilaginous fish like sharks and rays.

New cards
20

Ganoid scales

Bony fish scales covered with an enamel-like substance, found in gars and bowfin.

New cards
21

Respiration

A unique role of the skin in amphibians, allowing for gas exchange.

New cards
22

Scales

Adaptations in reptiles that help retain water and provide waterproofing.

New cards
23

Preen gland

A gland in birds that secretes oil to maintain feathers and skin.

New cards
24

Feather anatomy

Components of a feather, including vane, leading edge, trailing edge, quill, shaft, and afterfeather.

New cards
25

Structural colors

One of the ways birds express color, along with melanin, psittacofulvins, porphyrins, carotenoids, and spheniscins.

New cards
26

Guard hair

Coarse, long, and stiff hair in mammals that provides waterproofing.

New cards
27

Tactile hair

Whiskers that are thick, protrude, and are surrounded by nerves, mainly found on the face.

New cards
28

Wool hair

Soft, insulating hair that forms the innermost coat of mammals.

New cards
29
New cards
30

digital pads

covers distal interphalangeal joint

New cards
31

metacarpal pads

covers phalangeal metacarpal joint

New cards
32

carpal pad

distal to the carpal bones, stop pad

New cards
33

different functions of the skin

protection, sensory, storage, secretion, communication, production

New cards
34

shape of sudiferous gland vs shape of sebaceous gland

sudiferous: coiled, sebaceous: clump/sac

New cards
35

shape of epidermis

stratified squamous epithelium (flattened)

New cards
36

what is found in the dermis

collagen elastic, blood, nerves, hair follicles, glands

New cards
37

which is the thickest layer of the skin

dermis

New cards
38

what is found in the hypodermis

loose connective tissue (fat), elastic fibers

New cards
39

what do sudiferous glands do

secrete sweat

New cards
40

what do sebaceous glands do

secrete sebum (oil)

New cards
41

location of sudiferous glands

depends on species

New cards
42

what does sebum/oil do?

waterproofing/antiseptic, influence behavior and help with communication

New cards
43

what are the accessory organs of the integumentary system

nais/claws, hair/fur, glands, foot pads

New cards
44

where are hair follicles found

the dermis

New cards
45

why does vasodilation/vasoconstriction occur?

to regulate the bodies temperature/blood flow

New cards
46

how do reptile scales differ from fish scales

reptile scales form in the epidermis and fish scales form in the dermis

New cards
47

leading edge vs. trailing edge of feather

leading: first part to cut through air when flying, usually shorter and stronger

trailing: behind leading edge, follows path of leading edge, longer and less stiff

New cards
48

ways birds express color

structural colors, melanin, psittacofulvins, porphyrins, carotenoids, spheniscins

New cards
49

New cards

Explore top notes

note Note
studied byStudied by 13 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 9 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 21 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 3 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 14 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 77 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 4 people
... ago
5.0(2)
note Note
studied byStudied by 10083 people
... ago
4.7(58)

Explore top flashcards

flashcards Flashcard (25)
studied byStudied by 22 people
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (47)
studied byStudied by 5 people
... ago
4.0(3)
flashcards Flashcard (28)
studied byStudied by 44 people
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (23)
studied byStudied by 5 people
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (104)
studied byStudied by 10 people
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (125)
studied byStudied by 7 people
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (60)
studied byStudied by 9 people
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (26)
studied byStudied by 1 person
... ago
4.3(3)
robot