Dermatology

Skin barrier main role

Physical barrier against environment

Skin barrier also regulates

Body temperature

Skin barrier provides

Sensory perception

Breaks in skin barrier cause

Opportunistic infections

Common skin sign itching term

Pruritus

Red skin term

Erythema

Hair loss term

Alopecia

Skin thickening term

Lichenification

First step in derm diagnosis

Detailed patient history

Important history question diet

Current diet

Important history question timing

Seasonal or year-round

Basic derm diagnostic test

Skin cytology

Test for mites

Skin scraping

Test for surface organisms

Tape prep

Test for ringworm screening

Wood’s lamp

Atopy cause

Environmental allergens

Atopy reaction type

Immune-mediated

Atopy typical age onset

1–3 years

Atopy itching locations

Ears, abdomen, paws

Atopy common behavior

Licking and chewing

Atopy treatment type

Lifelong management

Apoquel function

Blocks itch pathway

Cytopoint function

Neutralizes itch cytokine

Food allergy cause

Reaction to protein in diet

Food allergy timing

Non-seasonal

Food allergy diagnosis method

Strict diet trial

Diet trial duration

2–3 months

Diet trial rule

No other food allowed

Pyoderma definition

Bacterial skin infection

Pyoderma common signs

Pustules and crusting

Pyoderma treatment

Antibiotics

Hot spot definition

Acute moist dermatitis

Hot spot cause

Self-trauma licking

Hot spot treatment

Clip, clean, meds, e-collar

Anal gland problem signs

Scooting and licking

Anal gland diagnosis

Rectal exam

Otitis externa definition

External ear infection

Otitis externa cause

Bacteria and yeast

Otitis externa signs

Odor and head shaking

Ringworm cause

Fungal infection

Ringworm organism

Microsporum canis

Ringworm lesion type

Circular alopecia

Ringworm transmission

Direct contact and fomites

Ringworm zoonotic

Yes

Ringworm diagnostic test

DTM culture

Feline chin acne cause

Blocked pores

Feline chin acne trigger

Plastic bowls

Seborrhea cause

Excess sebum production

Seborrhea signs

Scaling and greasy skin

Lick granuloma cause

Chronic licking behavior

Papillomavirus affects

Young dogs

Papillomavirus outcome

Often resolves on its own

Mast cell tumor type

Malignant skin tumor

Mast cell tumor treatment

Surgery + immunotherapy

Histiocytoma type

Benign tumor

Histiocytoma common in

Young dogs

Lipoma type

Benign fatty tumor

Lipoma feel

Soft and movable

Hypothyroidism effect

Low thyroid hormone

Hypothyroid skin sign

Bilateral alopecia

Cushing’s disease cause

Excess cortisol

Cushing’s common signs

PU/PD and pot belly

Flea allergy dermatitis cause

Flea saliva

Flea allergy lesion location

Lower back and tail

Sarcoptic mange cause

Sarcoptes scabiei

Sarcoptic mange key sign

Intense itching

Sarcoptic mange zoonotic

Yes

Demodex location

Hair follicles

Demodex risk group

Young or immunosuppressed

Demodex zoonotic

No

Ear mites organism

Otodectes cynotis

Ear mites sign

Black debris like coffee grounds

Walking dandruff cause

Cheyletiella mites

Walking dandruff sign

Large white flakes

Cuterebra definition

Botfly larvae under skin

Skin scrape purpose

Detect parasites

Deep skin scrape used for

Demodex

Superficial scrape used for

Sarcoptes

Tape prep detects

Yeast and bacteria

Wood’s lamp limitation

Only ~50% glow

DTM positive result

Red color + white colonies

Therapeutic bath rule

Leave shampoo 5–10 minutes

Bath frequency medicated

2–3 times weekly

Flea treatment rule

No baths before/after 1–2 days

Anal glands location

4 and 8 o’clock

Nail bleeding control

Styptic powder