19.1Making Amines

These flashcards cover the production of amines through nucleophilic substitution reactions, detailing the functional groups, charge distributions, and mechanisms involved.

What is the functional group present in amines?

The amine functional group is -NH.

How are amines produced from halogenoalkanes?

Amines are produced through nucleophilic substitution reactions with ethanolic ammonia, heated under pressure.

What role does the halogen atom play in halogenoalkanes?

The halogen atom is more electronegative than the carbon atom, drawing electron density from the C-X bond and creating a partial positive charge on carbon.

What is the charge distribution in a C-X bond?

The carbon carries a partial positive charge, while the halogen carries a partial negative charge.

How does the nitrogen atom in ammonia act in the nucleophilic substitution reaction?

The lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen acts as a nucleophile, attacking the partially positively charged carbon.

What happens to the C-X bond during nucleophilic substitution?

The C-X bond is broken, and the halogen is substituted by an amine group.