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64 Terms

1
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migraines affect women or men more?

dental aspects?

women,

  • tooth extraction

  • amalgam removal

  • occlusal splints

2
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cranial arteritis:

  • women or men?

  • what mediated?

  • Dental aspects?

  • women

  • immune

  • pain on mastication (20%), limited mouth opening

3
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multiple sclerosis: what subtype is most common?

relapsing-remitting most common

4
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Epilepsies: What management?

  • prophylatic anticonvulsants

    • teratogenicity

    • thrombocytopenia

    • gingival hyperplasia

5
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nephrotic syndrome: dental aspects

  • long term corticosteroid side effects

  • consider antibiotic prophylaxis

6
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acquired heart disease:

  • hospital setting for tx

    • unstable angina

    • MI < 3 months prev

    • General anesthesia = essential

7
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for hyper tension: when appointment? what other considerations?

  • short, late morning appointments

  • avoid EPi

8
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Myocardial infarction:

  • MI < 6 months

  • MI 6-12 months:

  • MI > 12 months

  • All post

  • MI < 6; defer tx

  • MI 6-12: simple elective

    • anxiolytics

  • MI: > 12: elective dental care, minimize pain + anxiety

  • All post:

    • Risk proportional to procedure

    • minimize pain and anxeity

    • Appropriate monitoring

9
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Arrhythmias: when? what is most aggresive

  • late AM/ early PM

  • tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation

10
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pacemakers:

  • what is contradindicated

  • is prophylaxis necessary?

  • MRI, electrosurgery, diathermy, TENS

  • no

11
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__ should be available at every appt with pt with heart disease

Nitroglycerin

12
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3P model

predisposing → precipitating → perpuating

13
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Measuring dental fear: physiological (3)

  • importnat but hard to detect:

    • perspiration

    • Increased respiration rate

    • high HR or BP

14
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Measuring dental fear: behavioral (4)

  • leg swinging, bouncing

  • facial expressions

  • use of humor, speed of talking

  • escape behavior

15
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decreased control + increased uncertainty = ?

increased perceived control + decrease uncertainty?

  • anxiety

  • calmer

16
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Biophyscosocial pain: acute pain is a __ of the disease while chronic pain is _

symptom, disease itself

17
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What are the 5 behavioral strategies

  • communication

  • information based strategy

    • tell show do

  • distraction

  • relaxation excercises

  • biofeedback

18
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What are the factors that influence dental health care across communities? (5)

  • motivation

  • culture + community values

  • education and socioeconomic factors

  • societal norms

  • tech, info, options available

19
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cultural humility

mindset of lifelong learning, self eval, self critique to ensure flexibility and openness to diverse perspectives

20
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cultural competence

development process in which individuals achieve increasing levels of awareness, knowlegde, + skills along cultural competence continuum

21
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primary vs secondary dimensions

  • primary: born into

    • like age, gender, race, sex

  • secondary: change:

    • like income, geo location, family status

22
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HIV/AIDS: what to classifiy? how transmitted?

  • CD4 helper cells are under 200

  • Intimate contact, contaminated blood, tissue, needles

  • NOT air, water, saliva

23
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Oral manifestations of HIV/AIDS (7)

  • candidiasis

  • chronic HHV-1 infection

  • herpes

  • cytomegalovirus infection

  • hairy leukoplakia

  • kaposi sarcoma

  • non-hodgkin lymphoma

24
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neutropenia

decreased PNL due to disease or drugs (nuetrophols, basophils, eosinophils = granuloctyes)

25
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Humoral Immunity: IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, IgM

  • IgA: secretory and mucosal immunity (most common)

  • IgD: unknown

  • IgE; allergy and parasitic

  • IgG: bacterial infections

  • IgM: opsonization

26
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cell mediated immunity: Antigen presenting cells

Macrophages and langerhans

27
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ALL CN except ? checked on exam

I

28
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CN VII: what features? stroke vs palsy

  • sensory + motor, sensory:taste to anterior 2/3

  • bells palsy: paralysis to one side of face: facial nerve out

  • stroke: facial nerve intact

29
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Normal breath sounds: tracheal, broncial, vesicular

  • tracheal: over trachea

  • Bronchial; over hilum, high pitched, exhal > inhale

    • vesicular: over most of lung, low pitched, inhale > exhale

30
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reference lines of post thorax

scapular line and vertebral line

31
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PMI

point of max impulse (where you hear HR most)

  • feel for left ventricular impulse to find PMI

  • Normall at mid-clavicular line, if not: lateral displacement indicates large left ventricle, sign of chronic heart failure

32
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water fluoridation level

0.7 ppm

33
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mercury: high levels are ?

what is most common? metallic?

neurotoxic and nephrotoxic

  • organic mercury most common

  • metallic: no consistent evidence of adverse effects

34
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most drug allergies/hypersenstivities are __ mediated

IgE

35
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Pencillin allergy: type ?

latex allergy:: type?

type I

type IV (contact)

36
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hypogeusia vs dysgeusia

  • hypo: loss of taste acuity

  • dys: distortion of tase function

37
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most common cancer and lethal cancer in women adn men

  • women:

    • common: breast, lethal: lung

  • Men

    • common: prostate, lethal: lung

38
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microbial carcinogenesis: 4

  • parasitic: bile and bladder

  • oncogenic DNA: HPV, EBV, HBV

  • oncogenic RNA: human t cell luekemia, hep C

  • H pylori: gastric adenocarcinoma

39
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systole vs diastole

systele: vent contraction, dysole: relaxed

40
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causes of iron deficiency anemia

blood loss, diet, absorption issues, menstrual, pregnancy

41
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osteogenesis imperfecta

abnormal formation of bone

  • can be associated with dentinogenesis imperfecta (abnormal formation of dentin)

  • translucent teeth, obliterated pulp chambers

42
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Fibrous dysplasia: where/who common, what lesions

  • more common in maxilla > mandible, more F > M

  • cafe au lait skin lesions

43
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butterfly rash on mid face?

lupus erythematous

44
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Sjorgens primary and secondary

  • primary: dry mouth and dry eyes

  • secondary: dry mouth and dry eyes, rheumatoid arthritis, increased risk of parotid lymphoma

45
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scleroderma

hard skin, mask like face, restricted movements, limited tongue movement

46
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Crohn’s syndrome apparence

cobblestone intenstinal lining

47
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MEasles presents with

kolpik spots

48
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kaposi sarcoma

HIV/AIDS patients, hole in palate, aggressive cancer of mouth

49
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actinomycosis

sulfure granules most charateristic feature

50
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Cocaine/drug use in mouth

  1. Hyperstimulation and mimics adrenaline effects

  2. Ischemic necrosis (perforated septum and hard palate)!!!

    1. CIMDL - cocaine induce midline destroctive lesions

  3. Dental Aspects

  • Dental erosion

  • Blood-borne infections

  • Bruxism

  • Xerostomia

  • Avoid epinephrine for 2 hours after use

  • Best to treat 6 hours after last

51
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BCC

  • where often?

  • appears?

  • does it metastaize?

  • most common type of skin, head, neck

  • Pink, pearly papule rolled edge

  • rarley

52
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Actinic keratosis

  • where occur?

  • appearance?

  • what can progress to?

  • sun damaged areas (scalp, face, tops of ears)

  • rough or gritty pink to red macule or papule with anglular border

  • invasive SCC

53
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SCC

  • how appear?

  • How common?

  • appearance>

  • metastasis?

  • Second most common, most in AA

  • most often on head, neck

  • pink to red scaly or ulcerated enlarging papule

  • Metastases higher in these groups

    • high risk: lip ear

    • immunosuppresion

    • arising in scars or sites of chronic inflammation

54
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Malignant melanoma

  • risk factors (6)

  • family history of MM

  • personal history of MM

  • presence of atypical nevi

  • numbers of banal nevi

  • history of excessive UV and sunburns

  • fair skin type

55
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Seborrehic dermatitis (dandruff)

  • what?

  • where?

  • appearance?

  • sebum production and commensal yeast malassezia

  • sebum rich areas

  • sharply demaracated, greasy, pink-yellow to red-brown patches

  • chronic

56
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lichen planus

  • inflammatory disease of skin, hair,, nails,

  • flat topped, polygonal

  • Flexural lower legs, ankles, wrists, genitalia

57
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Stevens-Johnson Syndrome

  • what?

  • what implicated?

  • Characterized by?

  • mortality rate

  • risk factor?

  • rare, potentiall fatal acute rxn

  • meds implicated in majority

  • illness and meds in children

  • Characterized by mucosal and skin lesions due to extensive keratinocyte death

  • 1-5%

  • immunsuppression (lymphoma!) risk factor

58
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Ectodermal dysplasia

  • what kind of disorder? affects?

  • depening on mutation…

  • inherited disorders

  • affects hair, teeth, nails, sweat glands

  • Depending on mutation

    • X-linked, AD, or AR

    • immunodeficiecy, digit abnormalities

59
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Basal cell nevus syndrome

  • what kind?

  • affects?

  • gorlin syndrome

  • autosomal dominant inheritance

  • affects PTCH gene (checkpoint to stop growth)

    • transmembrane protin

60
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cancer cell movement

seedin in cavity, blood, lymph, neuron

61
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Bells palsy vs facial

  • eyebrows wont move but it could it stroke pts

62
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impacted teeth = ?

gardners syndrome

63
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isograft

identical twins give each other perfect mouth transplant

64
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CN testing: whats tested together

3,4,6 together, 9+10