Biodiversity

Ecosystem

The interaction of a community of living organism with the non - living parts of the environment

Population

All the organism of the same or closely related species in an area

Community

Two or more population of organisms in a given habitat

Interdependence

The relationship between attlerent species in a habitat

Biodiversity

Measure of variation found in the living world

Habitat

Where an organism lives

Species

A group of organisms that can freely interbreed by produce fertile offspring

What are the 3 different levels of studying biodiversity

Habitat and species and genetic biodiversity

Habitat biodiversity

Number of different habitat in a given area different species inhabit different habitats and different habitats have a differing variety of abotic factors

Species biodiversity

Can be broken down into two math areas, species richness and species evenness

Genetic biodiversity

The variety of genes that make up a species and the variation in allele within a genome

Species richness

Number of different species living in a particular area

Species evenness

Comparison of the number on individual of each species living in a community

What equation is used for calculate diversity ?

The Simpson’s index of diversity

Write down the equation for calculating diversity

D = 1 - Sum of ( n - N )

N → total number of all organism of all species

n → total number of all organs of a specific species

What does it mean if you have a high value for the Simpson’s index diversity ?

The greater the level of diversity in an ecosystem

Why is genetic diversity important ?

Higher : Higher adaptive capacity, greater potential for LM survival, high resistance

Lower : Lower adaptive capacity, weak potential for LM survival, low resistance

How to increase genetic diversity ?

Mutations

Gene flow

Mutations

DNA mutations in gene regions can form new alleles

Gene Flow

Organism of the same species moving from different habitats can introduce new alleles to a group

How to decrease genetic diversity ?

Selective breeding

captive breeding

Production of rare breed

Artificial / Natural selection

Genetic bottlenecks

Founder effect

Genetic drift

What is the called when a genes contain more than one alleles

Polymorphic gene

Most gene are ….

Monomorphic

What will happen to the genetic diversity, if there is less variation in polymorphic gene

Less genetic biodiversity

Percentage of polymorphic gene loci = ?

Number of polymorphic gene loci / total number of loci X 100 %