Chapter 12: Solids

A series of flashcards that define key terms and concepts from Chapter 12 on Solids in Conceptual Physics.

Crystal Structure

Arrangement of atoms in a solid in a regular array.

Amorphous Solids

Solids that do not have a regular arrangement of atoms.

Ionic Bond

The transfer of electrons from one atom to another.

Covalent Bond

The sharing of available valence electrons between atoms.

Metallic Bond

Bonding that occurs between metal atoms, where electrons are shared collectively.

Van der Waals Forces

The weakest type of interactions between atoms, often due to polarization.

Density

The amount of mass per unit volume of a material.

Elasticity

A measure of how much a material changes in size or shape when a force is applied.

Inelastic

Materials that do not return to their original shape after being deformed.

Hooke's Law

The extension of a spring is directly proportional to the force applied.

Tension

The state of being stretched or pulled.

Compression

The state of being squashed or pressed together.

I-beam

A structural beam shaped like the letter I, maximizing strength and minimizing weight.

Catenary

The natural curve of a chain hanging between two points, used in arch shapes.

Arch

A structure that takes advantage of the capacity of materials to withstand compression.