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What is anatomy?

The study of body structure.

What is the binomial system?

A two-part naming system (genus + species).

What does the cell membrane do?

Thin barrier separating the cell inside from outside.

What is the cell wall?

A rigid, protective layer around some cells.

Where does photosynthesis happen?

In the chloroplast.

What is classification?

Grouping organisms by similar features.

What is conservation?

Protecting natural resources, plants, animals, and ecosystems.

What is cytoplasm?

The jelly-like material inside a cell (excluding the nucleus).

What is a dichotomous key?

A series of questions used to identify organisms.

What is DNA analysis used for?

Studying genetic material to identify organisms.

What is an enzyme?

A protein that speeds up chemical reactions.

What is excretion?

Removing waste from the body.

What is an exoskeleton?

A hard covering that supports and protects some animals.

What is a genus?

A group of related species.

What is growth?

A permanent increase in size.

What is a kingdom?

A broad classification rank for organisms.

What is morphology?

The study of what organisms look like.

What is movement?

Change in position of a cell, organism, or body part.

What is photosynthesis?

Process plants use to make food from sunlight, water, and CO₂.

What is a plasmid?

A small circular DNA piece in bacteria.

What is a prokaryote?

A single-celled organism without a nucleus.

What is protein analysis?

Studying the sequence of amino acids in a protein.

What is protein synthesis?

The process cells use to make proteins.

What is reproduction?

Making new individuals of the same kind.

What is respiration?

Breaking down nutrients to release energy.

What are ribosomes?

Tiny cell parts that make proteins.

What is a species?

A group of organisms with the same features.

What is a vertebrate?

An animal with a backbone.

Why is dry mass used to measure growth?

It shows actual living material without water.

How are organisms classified?

By shared features and characteristics.

How does the binomial system help?

Gives species a clear, two-part name (genus + species).

What is the purpose of classification?

To organize organisms for easier study and understanding.

What 3 things are used to classify organisms?

Morphology, anatomy, DNA evidence.

What 3 things are in all cells?

Cell membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes.

What are plant features?

Cell walls, chloroplasts, large vacuoles, make own food.

What are animal features?

No cell wall, no chloroplasts, small vacuoles, eat food.

What are arthropod features?

Jointed legs, segmented bodies, exoskeleton.

What do ribosomes do?

Make proteins for growth and repair.

What are virus features?

Non-living, tiny, protein coat, DNA/RNA inside.

Why might fungi be confused with plants?

They don’t move and grow in soil, but they are different.

Compare monocots vs. dicots.

Monocots: 1 seed leaf, parallel veins, fibrous roots. Dicots: 2 seed leaves, branching veins, taproots.

What are bacteria features?

Single-celled, no nucleus, cell wall, reproduce quickly.

How do you use a dichotomous key?

Answer yes/no questions about features to identify an organism.