APEX AP Stats Lesson 1.4 Overview: Five-Number Summaries Study Guide

Box-and-Whisker Plot

aka box plot; shows the center and spread of a data set on a number line. The whiskers can only extend 1.5 IQRs above Q3 and Q1.

Five-Number Summary

a summary of a variable from a data set, given as a series of five numbers: The minimum, Q1, Q2/median, Q3, The max.

Interquartile Range (IQR)

range between Q3 and Q1; contains the middle 50% of the observations in the data set.

Lower Quartile (Q1)

the number that is greater than/equal to 25% of the observations in a numeric data set.

Outlier

individual observation outside the overall pattern of the data.

Skew

characteristic of the shape of the distribution where a larger proportion of the observations have values at either the upper/lower end of the distribution with less observations in the middle.

Upper Quartile (Q3)

the number above or equal 75% of the observations in a numeric data set.