Neolithic Era

Neolithic Era

prehistoric period where all they did was hunt and gather. No actual date, slowly introduced to farming and animal domestication, leading to the establishment of permanent settlements. (NEOLITHIC)

Pastoral Nomadism

a form of subsistence agriculture where people rely on domesticated livestock, moving them to find fresh pastures

Bantu

speaking peoples who migrated across Africa, spreading agriculture and ironworking technologies.

Scythians

a group of ancient nomadic tribes known for their horse riding and archery skills, who inhabited the Eurasian steppe and interacted with various civilizations. Not likes in the Bible

jericho

Oldest town. Walls protected it from enemies. has good political organization. It is located in the Jordan Valley and is considered one of the earliest continuously inhabited towns in the world, showcasing early urban development.

Indo-European

speaking peoples who migrated from the Eurasian steppes, spreading languages and cultures across Europe and Asia.

Catalhoyuk

LOCATED IN TURKEY. near volcano which provided tools.

Steppe

Otzi the Iceman

a well-preserved natural mummy from the Copper Age, discovered in the Alps. He provides valuable insights into prehistoric human life and culture.

“Complex Society”

A social structure characterized by a high degree of organization, specialization of labor, and a central authority, often marked by urban development and social hierarchies. SURPLUS SURPLUS!

Shamans

spiritual leaders or healers in prehistoric societies, believed to mediate between the human and spirit worlds. They often performed rituals, healing practices, and communicated with ancestors, playing a crucial role in the spiritual and social life of their communities.

cuneiform

an ancient writing system developed by the Sumerians, consisting of wedge-shaped marks on clay tablets, used for record-keeping and communication.

Sargon

the first ruler of the Akkadian Empire, known for his conquests and the establishment of one of the world's first empires.

Aramaic

a Semitic language that became widely used in the Near East, serving as a lingua franca during various empires, including the Babylonian and Persian empires. TRADE LANGUAGE

Ziggurat

a massive terraced structure built in ancient Mesopotamia, serving as a temple and administrative center. predict eclipse

Akkadian Empire

an ancient empire located in Mesopotamia, known for its military conquests and cultural achievements, established by Sargon. King equaled high priest

Hammurabi

a Babylonian king best known for his code of laws, which established standards for justice and societal conduct in ancient Mesopotamia. Lex Talionis= punishment equal to crime

Sumer

the earliest known civilization in Mesopotamia, characterized by the development of city-states, writing (cuneiform), and advances in agriculture and trade.

Epic of gilgamesh