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Virus
An infectious particle that is nonliving.
Virology
The study of viruses.
Capsid
The protein coat that surrounds the DNA or RNA of a virus.
Lytic Cycle
A process where a virus enters a cell, replicates itself, and causes the cell to burst.
Lysogenic Cycle
A type of viral reproduction where the host cell makes copies of the viral genetic material indefinitely.
Retrovirus
A virus that has RNA as its genetic material and uses reverse transcriptase to convert RNA into DNA.
Prophage
Viral DNA embedded into the host cell’s DNA.
Host Cell
The living organism that a virus or parasite lives on.
Antibiotics
Medications effective against bacteria, but not against viruses.
Vaccine
Contains a harmless variation of a pathogen to stimulate an immune response.
Metabolism
The set of life-sustaining chemical reactions in organisms, which viruses lack.
Infection
When a virus invades a host cell and begins to replicate.
Bacteriophage
A virus that infects bacteria.
Active Virus
A virus that can reproduce inside a living cell.
Crystallization of Viruses
Viruses can be crystallized and stored indefinitely, retaining their ability to infect a living cell.
Genome
The complete set of genes or genetic material present in a cell or organism.
