AP Human Geography 2.1 - 2.3 Vocab

Geography

Age sex composition graph 2.3

tool used to study population/ commonly called a population pyramid. It is based on age and gender.

Agricultural population Density 2.1

the ratio of the number of farmers to the total amount of land suitable for agriculture

Arable Land (*w) 2.1

land that is suited for agriculture/growing crops

Arithmetic populaton Density (*w) 2.1

the total number of people divided by total land area

Baby boom 2.3

name given for spike in birth rates often caused from hostilities like war ending and peace resuming

Baby bust 2.3

name given to when once baby boom ends and birth rates are lower for a number of years.

Birth deficit 2.3

name for a slow down of births often during war when men and women are separated.

Carrying Capacity (*w) 2.2

the number of people an area can support on a sustained basis

Cohorts 2.3

vertical axis showing age groups on the population pyramid

Dependent population 2.3

People under the age of 15 and over 64 who are considered too young or too old to work full time.

Dependency ratio 2.3

the number of people under age 15 and over age 64 compared to the number of people active in the labor force

Infrastructure 2.2

facilities and structures that allows people to carry out their typical activities. I.E. sewer systems, electrical grids, roads and bridges.

Mid latitudes 2.1

the regions between 30 degress and 60 degrees, north and south of the equator. This area has moderate climates and better soils than higher regions at higher latitudes.

Natural Increase Rate (NIR)

the percentage growth of population in a year, computed as the crude birth rate minus the crude death rate

Overpopulation 2.2

a situation in which the number of people in an area exceeds the capacity of the environment to support life at a decent standard of living

Physiological population Density 2.1

the number of people per unit of area of arable land, which is land suitable for agriculture

Population distribution 2.1

pattern of human settlement - the spread of people across the earth.

Population density 2.1

a measure of the average population per square mile or kilometer of an area. It meaures how crowded a place is.

Population pyramid 2.3

a bar graph that represents the distribution of population by age and sex

Potential workforce 2.3

People between the ages 15-64 who are considered by demographers to be the society's labor force.

Redistricting 2.2

boundary adjustments of political electoral districts caused by urban areas continuing to increase in population while rural areas are continuing to shrink. This results in smaller urban districts and larger rural districts.

Social stratification

the hierarchical division of people into groups based on factors such as economic status, power, and / or ethnicity