gutman ch. 4 sensory screening

primary somatosensory system

includes light touch, pain, temperature, pressure, vibration, proprioception, and kinesthesia

cortical of secondary somatosensory system

includes 2 point discrimination, stereognosis, graphesthesia, and simultaneous stimulation

special sensory system comprises…

vision. olfaction. gustation. audtion. and equilibrium

proprioceptors

located in muscles, tendons, ligaments, joints, and inner ear. detect changes in body position and movement

primary somatosensory cortex

located in postcentral gyrus. topographically organized to represent all sensory areas w/n body

sensory receptors w/n peripheral nervous system transmit sensory info via..

dorsal root to dorsal rootlets. w/n dorsal horn receptors synapse on sensory spinal cord tracts. sensory info further transmitted upward to brainstem and to thalamus. w/n thalamus info recognized and relayed to cortex, where it’s detected and interpreted

patients with dorsal column lesion above brainstem have…

contralateral sensory deficits involving discriminatory touch, psi, pain, proprioception, and kinesthesia

patients with lateral thalamic tract lesions above brainstem present…

with deficits in contralateral hemisensory loss for pain and temperature

patients with anterior spinothalamic lesions above brainstem present…

with deficits in contralateral hemisensory loss for light touch and crude touch

patients with cuneocerebellar tract and rostral spinocerebellar tract lesions will demonstrate…

deficits in ipsilateral UE and trunk proprioception

involvement of CN 1 impairs

smell and taste

involvement of CN 2 impairs

visual acuity, peripheral vision, and color detection

involvement of CN 5 impairs

sensation for face, head, oral cavity, and cornea

involvement of CN 7

alters ability to detect sweet substances on anterior portion of tongue

involvement of CN 8 impairs

hearing and equilibrium

involvement of CN 9 impairs

ability to detect sour food

involvement of CN 10 impairs

visceral control, which may impede regulation HR, digestion, or smooth muscle control

anterior cerebral artery lesion will result in

contralateral LE sensory loss

middle cerebral artery lesion will result

in contralateral sensory loss of UE, LE, and facial regions

lenticulostriate and thalamoperforate arterial lesions result in…

contralateral sensory loss to 1 entire side of the body

patients with subcortical lesion will demonstrate..

sensory loss involving the face, UE, and LE

lesions involving the thalamus present…

with sensory loss of face, UE, LE, and trunk

patients with parietal lobe lesion exhibit difficulty with

sensory motor integration

cortical lesion affect…

patient’s ability to interpret meaningful sensory info