Chemistry Chapter 1.1b Voice over PowerPoint

What is a mixture?

A combination of two or more elements or compounds that can be separated by physical processes.

What distinguishes a mixture from a pure compound?

Mixtures can have their components separated by physical processes, whereas pure compounds cannot.

Example of a mixture?

Potting soil, salt water, and air.

What is a heterogeneous mixture?

A mixture with a non-uniform composition where the different parts can be seen.

Example of a heterogeneous mixture?

Italian salad dressing.

What is a homogeneous mixture?

A mixture with a uniform composition throughout.

Example of a homogeneous mixture?

Salt water, when well mixed.

How is salt typically produced from seawater?

By allowing seawater to evaporate, leaving salt behind.

What is the smallest unit of an element?

An atom.

What is a molecule?

Two or more atoms that are connected and bound together.

What does it mean if a substance is classified as an element?

It is made up of only one type of atom.

What is a compound?

A substance made of two or more different elements that are chemically bonded.

What is an example of a compound?

Water (H2O), composed of hydrogen and oxygen atoms.

What does 'macroscopic' mean in chemistry?

Visible to the naked eye.

How do the properties of solid particles differ from those of liquid particles?

Solid particles are fixed in place, while liquid particles can move about still close together.

What is the behavior of gas particles?

Gas particles are widely separated and move independently of one another.

What state of matter takes the shape of its container but does not necessarily fill it?

Liquid.

How are water molecules represented at the molecular level?

As a combination of oxygen and hydrogen atoms connected together.

What do we call iron when it is in a liquid state?

Molten iron.

How can we represent the physical state of substances in formulas?

By using symbols like (s) for solid, (l) for liquid, and (g) for gas.

What is an alloy?

A mixture of two or more metals or a metal and another element.

How can tap water be classified?

It is usually considered a homogeneous mixture.

What is a heterogeneous mixture's visual characteristic?

Different parts can be seen and identified.

What happens to molecules when gases are compressed?

They move closer together, occupying less volume.

What does it mean if air is described as a heterogeneous mixture?

It contains visible different components, such as pollutants.

What type of mixture is potting soil considered?

Heterogeneous, due to its visible different components.

Example of a diatomic element?

Oxygen (O2), which exists as two oxygen atoms bonded together.