The settlement of ________________ was started in Virginia. It was the first permanent English settlement in the New World.
Jamestown
Jamestown was started by the _____________ _______________ (also known as the Virginia Co. of London) in 1607.
London Company (The London Co.)
The London Co. was granted a _____________by King James I.
charter
Who granted a charter to the London Company?
King James I
A charter is a document giving royal permission to start a ___________, which outlines the boundaries and the rights of the colonists.
colony
The London Company was a ____________ - ____________ company.
joint-stock
In a joint-stock company, English merchants ___________ their money and the money of the investors.
pooled
English merchants pooled their money and the money of the investors to finance the _________ to North America and the colony.
trip
In May _____________, three ships furnished by the London Co. delivered 105 settlers to Jamestown.
1607
Seven months after arriving in Jamestown, only ____________ had survived.
32
Two-thirds of people died in Jamestown from _____________, hunger, and hostile Indians.
disease
Who saved Jamestown?
Captain John Smith
Captain John Smith saved Jamestown by bargaining for food with the ________________ Indians.
Powhatan
Captain John Smith saved Jamestown by calling for a " _________ __________, ___________ ___________" rule.
no work, no food
John Rolfe married the Powhatan princess, ___________________.
Pocahontas
The marriage between John Rolfe and Pocahontas brought temporary _______________ between the colonists and Powhatans.
peace
Pocahontas acted as an _______________ between the settlers and the Powhatans. An ________________ is someone who acts as a go-between.
intermediary
When Pocahontas visited England, she was treated as visiting ____________.
royalty
Colonists held Pocahontas for ______________ since she had become a key to relations between the settlers and Powhatans.
ransom
One hardship that early English colonists faced in Virginia was _____________ food and fresh water.
insufficient
English colonists in Virginia faced harsh, cold ______________ and faced hostile American Indians.
winters
In the winter 1609 to 1610, known as the _______________ _______________, Chief Powhatan has warriors lay a blockade to James Fort, which trapped 300 settlers.
Starving Time
By the spring of 1610, the forced starvation (The Starving Time) kills all but __________ of the fort's 300 residents.
60
Which crop ultimately saved Jamestown and turned the colony profitable?
tobacco
By the late 1620's, colonists exported more than 1.5 million pounds of "__________ ___________"(tobacco) to England each year.
brown gold
Tobacco was considered a ___________ ___________.
cash crop
A cash crop is raised in large ________________ in the hopes that it will bring great profits.
quantities
In order to grow tobacco, the Virginia Co. needed ___________ ____________ and began encouraging settlers to move to Jamestown.
field laborers
The _______________ Company offered people willing to move to Jamestown a headright..
Virginia
A headright gave ___________ acres of land to each person who could pay their own way to Virginia.
50
The Virginia Company hired _____________ _____________ to work on the large acres (plantations).
indentured servants
An indentured servant worked without ___________ for a certain number of years (usually 4-7 years) in exchange for transportation to the colonies.
wages (pay)
In ___________, 20 Africans for the first time were brought to Jamestown on a Dutch ship as indentured servants.
1619
Soon after bringing Africans to Virginia as indentured servants, they were used as _____________.
slaves
The year of 1619 was important and ironic because Virginians gained ___________-_____________ (gained freedom) and also enslaved Africans (denied freedom).
self-government
In 1619, male settlers chose __________________, or representatives.
burgesses
The burgesses or representatives in Virginia met in an assembly called the ___________ of ______________.
House of Burgesses
The House of Burgesses and the governor made laws for Jamestown, becoming the first ___________________ government in the English colonies.
representative
In a representative government, voters _____________ representatives to make laws for them.
elect
The popular economic principal of __________________ encouraged the establishment of colonies by European countries in the New World and elsewhere.
mercantilism
Under mercantilism, a large _______________ is the key to wealth (gold/silver).
empire
Under mercantilism, a colony ______________ exclusively (only) with the mother country by exporting raw materials.
trades
Under mercantilism, a colony imports finished goods only from the _____________ ______________.
mother country
The exchange of goods between the West Indies/the American colonies, Europe, and West Africa was a route called ____________ ______________.
triangular trade
The most valuable resource that America had and people wanted was ______________.
land
How many people of the 500 that came to Jamestown before Rolfe remained alive when he arrived? (The Starving Time)
Barely 60 people
John Rolfe traveled to the New World on the ship, __________________.
Deliverance
_________________ controlled the world-wide tobacco trade until John Rolfe introduced it to the New World.
Spain
How much money was the first tobacco harvest worth?
More than one million dollars
Jamestown is the _________________ of America!
birthplace
The first colony in America was on _________________ Island, off the coast of North Carolina. It was under the sponsorship of Sir Walter Raleigh.
Roanoke
Under Roanoke's charter, the people were to establish a colony and look for ___________.
gold
At Roanoke during the first settlement, the colonists fought with the native peoples and found life ______________. The survivors begged for a passage back to their home country after a year.
difficult.
During the second settlement of Roanoke, families _____________ their own money into the colony and received 500 acres of land.
invested
Eleanor Dare gave birth to a daughter, Virginia, and she is considered to be the __________ ____________ born in America.
first English
John White made his trip back to England from Roanoke after the second time to get more ____________.
supplies
John White left Roanoke in the summer of 1587 and didn't return until ____________.
1590
When White returned to Roanoke, what did he find?
He found that not a soul remained at the settlement.
Rumors about the "lost colony:"
1) The settlers went to the Croatoan Indians.
2) The settlers also went to live with the Chesapeake Indians and were killed by another tribe.
3) The settlers were victims of Spanish pirates.
When White returned to Roanoke, he found some rusted debris, the letters "CRO" carved on a tree, and the word, _______________ on a door post.
CROATOAN