IN PROGRESS - Debates over slavery and abolitionism

What are the two chambers of Congress called? (1/2 each)

House, Congress

Explain how the numbers for each are determined?(2)

House = Population, Congress = 2 senators per state irregardless of size

How do you become a Supreme Court Judge?

Nominated by president, ratified by Congress

How long do you serve for?

Life or until retirement

In which year did Congress pass an Ordinance that kept slavery out of the North West Territory?

1787

In what year was the first Fugitive Slave Act initiated?

1793

What tension did this ultimately produce for America? (Think about the 10th amendment and states' rights)

Did states have to return runaway slaves even if they didn't want to because it was sanctioned by the Fed Govt?

What event prevented slavery being put on a path to ultimate extinction?

Eli Whitney Cotton Gin (1793)

In what year did the American Colonisation Society start to recolonize slaves back to Liberia?

1822

In the 1830s a new and more strident form of abolitionism was set up by William Lloyd Garrison. What was the name of his abolitionist journal?

The Liberator

What was the name of the escaped slave who became a strong supporter of the Abolitionist movement?

Frederick Douglass

How many whites (mainly women and children) died in Nat Turner's Revolt of 1831 thus justifying the use of slavery as a means of rigid social control?

55

In 1832 an argument over tariffs in South Carolina caused which crisis?

Nullification Crisis

Who was the most outspoken high ranking politician at this time for the 'states rights' of the south?

John C Calhoun

Congress introduced what in 1836 to prevent North-South divides in Congress?

Gag Rule

When was the slave trade abolished (to America) ?

1808

In 1860 there were how many slaveholders out of a white population of 8 million in the south?

2 million

What % of slaves worked in cotton production?

55%

By 1860 how many free blacks were there in the south?

250,000

Who invented the cotton gin to speed up cotton production?

Eli Whitney

When was the American Anti-slavery society/National Anti-Slavery society established?

1833

What had its numbers swelled to by 1838?

250,000

What was the social system which was the norm for Northern blacks in terms of jobs, housing, and education?

Segregation

The south argued that their treatment of slaves was _________________________ rather than capitalistic as an argument that they were not particularly racist and that slavery was a social good.

Paternalistic

In 1850 1 in 3 families in the south owned slaves. 1 in how many owned slaves in 1860?

4

What was set up in the 19th century by slaves and abolitionists to smuggle escaped slaves from the south to the north?

Underground Railroad

How many bales of cotton was the south producing p.a. in 1790?

3000

By the 1830s the South was producing 2 million bales of cotton per year. How much was it producing by 1860?

75% of nation's exports

By 1860 50% of slave owners owned no more than how many slaves?

5

Which famous American 19th C social commentator (and then later a modern historian) argued that slavery did not fully utilise the potential skills of the labour force thus bringing slavery into disrepute? He also argued that slavery was an ambiguous issue and that a slaves' treatment or mistreatment varied widely from master to master. (Both names needed).

Helper and Ulrich Phillips

What is the term used for the freeing of slaves?

Manumission