Fundamentals of Nutrition

Nutrition

the science of dealing with foods, nutrient composition, eating habits, nutritional status, and health and diseases of individuals and populations

Dietetics

the science and art of applying the principles of nutrition to the planning and preparation of foods, and the regulation of the diet in relation to both health and disease

Dietetics

refers to the promotive, preventive, therapeutic, and administrative aspects of the delivery of nutritional services in hospitals, food service institutions and other health care institutions/facilities

Nutrient

substances required by the body to perform its basic function

Health

a state of optimal physical, mental, and social well-being; relative freedom from disease or disability

Disease

any abnormal condition affecting the health of an organism, and is characterized by specific signs and symptoms

Signs

refer to identifying characteristics of a disease such as swelling, weight loss, or fever

Symptoms

are the features of a disease recognized by a patient and/or their doctor. _____ can include nausea, fatigue, irritability, and pain

Nutritional Status

body’s response to nutrients and the subsequent outcome

Malnutrition

refers to a condition that is caused by an improper or insufficient diet

Subclinical Deficiency

• stage zero of Nutrient Deficiency

• no symptoms, declining stores

Depletion of Stores

• first store of Nutrient Deficiency

• reserves exhausted, no visible signs

Cellular Changes

• 2nd stage of Nutrient Deficiency

• metabolic alterations

Functional Defects

• 3rd stage of Nutrient Deficiency

• physiological impairment

Morphological Changes

• 4th stage of Nutrient Deficiency

• structural/physical damage

Diet

daily amount and type of food and drink a person takes

Balanced Diet

daily provision of a variety of foods from different food groups which include all the nutrients in the right amounts and combinations required to meet the body’s functional needs

Good Nutrition

relies on a diverse and adequate diet which is essential for the development and maintenance of the body from infancy to old age

Adequate

Balanced

Calorie-controlled

In moderation

Varied

What are the key factors of a healthy diet?