Ch.4 Integumentary | Alex Kubaney

what are the five functions of the skin

protection against micro organisms, water loss, against UV, sensory, blood flow

what are the two ways skin regulates temp

contricts or dilates blood vessels

what happens when your skin becomes flushed

more blood flow

what happens when your skin becomes pallid

less blood flow

how is vitamin d synthesized in body

cholesterol and sunlight

what does calciferol do

increases the absorption of calcium in the small intestine

what are the different openings in the skin

mouth, nares, anus, urethral canal, vaginal canal

what does strata mean

level

what is keratin

hardening protein

what are keratinocytes

keratin cells

what strata are karyocytes found

epidermis

what cells are in the basale or germinativum layer

melancytes

what are external pressures on the feet c

what are external pressures on the hands called

callouses

what is a common term for function ridges

interdigitate

what are the two functions of friction ridges

grasping and traction

what type of connective tissue makes up the dermis

dense fibrous connective tissue

what are papillary folds

so the epidermis don’t slide

what does interdigitate mean

to interlock

what does subcutaneous mean

below skin

what does hypodermis mean

below skin

what does subcutaneous tissue attach to the skin to

underlying tissue

what are the three types of hair

lanugo, down, and terminal

what is lanugo

baby hair

what is down hair

teen hair

when does terminal hair appear

at puberty

what is terminal hair

adult hair

what muscle causes goosebumps

visceral

where are the sebaceous glands located

near the middle

what are the two things that might cause piloerection

cold, freightened

what are the five different glands on the integument

Sebaceous, sudoriferous, scent, wax, and mammary glands

what is the function of the sebaceous gland

secrete oil

what is the medical term for oil

sebum

where are the sebaceous glands located

everywhere but on the palms and the soles

what causes the secretion of oil

by sex hormones

what are the sudoriferous glands

sweat glands

where are the sudoriferous not located 

lips ears or nipples 

what is sweat made up of

water NaCL waste product

where are the sweat glands located

everywhere but the lips ears and nipples

what are ceruminous glands

wax glands

where are ceruminous glands located

outer ear

what are areolar glands also known as

Glands of montgomery 

what is the function of areolar glands

lubricate nipple during nursing

what is colostrum

secreted after childbirth

what is breast milk made of

lactose, fat calcium, antibodies

when does breast milk come in

after placenta

why are there no blood vessels in the epidermis of the skin

because its avascular 

what is the medical term for bruises 

ecchymosis

what are three types of sensory nerve fibers

thermoreceptors mechanoreceptors noxireceptors

what does inntervate mean

provide supply to

what protein makes up the nail

keratin

what are six viral infections of the skin

smallpox, chickenpox, measles, german measles, cold sores

what does patho mean

disease

what is the treatment for most viral infections

antibodies

what are three examples of baciterial infections of the skin

spherical, rod shaped, spiral

what are pimples and boils 

areus infections 

what is the treatment for bacterial infections of the skin

antibiotic

what are four fungal infections of the skin

athletes foot, ringworm, jock itch, vaginal yeast infections

what are allergies

hyper sensitivity to a harmless agent

what does innocuous mean

harmless

how do you treat allergic reactions 

medicine, Tylenol 

what are moles

pigmented elevation of skin

what is keratosis

brown warty groups

what are bedsores

red sores due to poor circulations

what is albinism 

the body not producing melanin 

what is jaundice

yellowing of the body

what are keloids

dense scar mass from a traumatic event

what are three types of burns

1st degree 2nd degree 3rd degree

what are levels of skin do first degree burns affect

dermis

what are levels of skin do second degree burns affect

intradermal

what are levels of skin do thrid degree burns affect

complete nerve destruction

what are the rule of nines used for

to measure the burn in percentage