USA Depth Study: The New Deal

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23 Terms

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First New Deal
1933-1935
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Pieces if legislation passed in Congress
15 pieces (Eg. NIRA)
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EBA
Emergency Banking Act, forcing banks to close down. 5000 allowed to reopen
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SEC
Securities and Exchange Commission, setting rules and regulations to prevent speculation
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3Rs
Relief, Recovery, Reform
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FERA
Federal Emergency Relief Administration. $500 million on soup kitchens, blankets and employment schemes
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CCC

Civilian Conservation Corps. Six month employment plans, carried out environmental work. 2.5 million helped. Only 200,000 were African American, 8,000 were women

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AAA
Agricultural Adjustment Administration. Tries to solve long term problems in agriculture
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PWA (NIRA)
Public Works Administration. Built infrastructure, created millions of jobs
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NRA (NIRA)
National Recovery Administration. Improve working conditions, sensible levels of production, stimulate economy. Over 2 million employers join
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TVA

Tennessee Valley Authority. Build damns, irrigated the dust bowls, provided electricity to impoverished areas. 300,000 jobs provided

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Second New Deal
1935-1938
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Social Security Act
Unemployemtn insurance, pensions
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Wagner Act
Gave importance to trade unions. 7 million workers in Trade Unions by 1940
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Trade union of car manufacturers
UAW - United Auto Workers
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Resettlement Administration
Moves 500,000 farmers to better land
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WPA
Works Progress Administration. Created long term jobs like office workers, artists ad photographers
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Supreme Court opposition
Dominated by republicans, deemed the New Deal as unconstitutional and undermining of local governments
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Huey Long opposition

Higher taxes, better services. Max wealth: $3 million, max income: $1 million. Pensions for everyone over 60

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Business opposition

New Deal competed with private companies. Trade Unions bad for business

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Unemployment during the New Deal

More AAs (35%) and women unemployed

20% in 1935, 17% in 1939

10% after WW2 starts

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Government debt
$40 billion in 1939
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Recession of 1937-38

New Deal budget cut.

GDP drops 10%, unemployment at 20%

2 million lose their jobs