Microscopes, Fermentation, and Gel Electrophoresis Test Review

Total magnification?

Eyepiece magnification X objective lens magnification

Why does the sample on the slide need to be thin?

So the light source can properly illuminate all the structures

How to carry microscope?

Palm under base and hand on arm

What are the differences between light and electron microscope?

Electron uses an electron beam to achieve higher magnification

What is anaerobic respiration

When glucose (sugars) is converted into energy without the presence of oxygen

What kinds of food are made with fermentation?

Bread, beer, alcoholic drinks, cheese, yogurt

Why did the root beer become fizzy?

CO2 is released when the yeast consumes the sugars

What are the parts of a nucleotide?

• Nitrogenous base

• Carbon sugar

• Phosphate group/s

DNA base pairs?

A + T and G + C

How does gel electrophoresis separate DNA bands?

Based on size

What information can you determine from gel electrophoresis?

How similar the DNA of different organisms is

What is the purpose of the agarose

It allows the DNA to move freely

Purpose of the DNA marker?

Helps estimate DNA fragment size

Purpose of the loading dye?

To make the samples visible

Which fragments go the shortest/slowest in the gel?

The larger ones

Which fragments go the farthest/fastest in the gel?

The shorter ones

Which way does DNA run on a gel and why?

To the positive side due to its negative charge