Lecture Notes Summary for Period 6

These flashcards cover key concepts and historical figures discussed in the lecture on Period 6, focusing on industrialization, social issues, and political movements.

What does the laissez faire economic policy mean?

'hands-off' which indicates that the government should not interfere in business and economic processes.

How did industrialization affect worker pay?

oversupply of labor, allowing big businesses to pay workers very low wages due to the replaceability of labor.

What does Carnegie's 'Gospel of Wealth' ideology suggest?

It suggests that the wealthy should give back to the poor indirectly by funding institutions like schools and libraries.

Describe the income gap during the Gilded Age.

rich industrialists lived in luxury while poor laborers worked under harsh conditions.

Define Social Darwinism.

the idea that the rich are fit to survive and thus deserving of their wealth, while the poor are unfit.

What were the goals of Jane Addams and the Hull House?

aid poor immigrants by providing education and job assistance and advocating for labor reform and immigration rights.

What does the term 'Populism' refer to in this context?

Populism refers to a movement pushing for the rights of farmers and laborers against big business power.

What was the purpose of the Sherman Antitrust Act?

The Sherman Antitrust Act was designed to curb monopolies and promote fair competition, but was often used against labor unions.

Who was William Jennings Bryan, and what did he advocate for?

William Jennings Bryan was a political leader who fought against big businesses and advocated for bimetallism to help farmers.

Explain the concept of the 'New South' ideology.

The New South ideology aimed to industrialize the South but faced strong racial hierarchies and economic challenges, keeping it predominantly agricultural.

What was the significance of Plessy v. Ferguson?

Plessy v. Ferguson upheld the legality of racial segregation under the 'separate but equal' doctrine.

Describe the Ghost Dance movement among Native Americans.

The Ghost Dance was a cultural movement protesting displacement and seeking the repopulation of bison, reflecting desire for peace and restoration.

What was the purpose of the Dawes Act of 1887?

The Dawes Act aimed to assimilate Native Americans into American society by allotting them individual plots of land.

What is the role of nativism regarding immigration?

Nativism is the belief in prioritizing native-born individuals over immigrants, often leading to discrimination against immigrant groups.

What did the Interstate Commerce Act achieve?

The Interstate Commerce Act enabled federal regulation of railroad prices to prevent unfair practices imposed by monopolies.