effectiveness of labour reforms

intro - Beveridge report name

The Inter-Departmental Committee on Social Insurance and Allied Services

who established the reports

Sir William Beveridge

factors

squalor, disease, ignorance

common issue in Britain and when

overcrowding in 1945

what made overcrowding worse

bomb damage

how many houses did bomb damage in the war destroy

700,000

which act did Labour introduce to tackle squalor and when

The New Towns Act in 1946

how many new towns were made, and including which towns?

14, including Glenrothes and East Kilbride

how many houses did Labour plan to build yearly

200,000

how many pre-fabs were built between 1945 and 48?

157,000

what else did Labour focus on for squalor?

improving the quality of council houses

how was new towns act ineffective?

homelessness was higher in 1951 than it was in 1931

when did labour exceed their house building goal and when?

280,000 in 1945

how many houses were built in 1946?

55,000

what did Labour now being able to get 200,000 houses built every year show?

the reform was inconsistent

what reform did Labour introduce to address disease and when?

National Health Service in 1946

what was the NHS funded by

general taxation and national insurance

what was the governments yearly budget for the NHS

£140 million

what was the positive result of people getting free healthcare(dentist and glasses)

8 million dental patients were treated, 5 million glasses were provided within the first year of the NHS

what happened after prescriptions became free?

6.5 million more prescriptions were provided monthly compared to pre NHS numbers

how much did the NHS cost by 1950?

£358 million

when were costs for prescriptions, dental treatment and glasses brought back?

1951 and 52

how did the NHS not help?

did not help social issues in the long term as private healthcare was again an advantage that only the wealthy had

who did the NHS only support making the reform ineffective at tackling social inequality?

the charges brought back meant that only middle upper-class individuals were supported

why was NHS also effective(queues)?

improved the quality of peoples lives, there were large queues outside medical buildings across the UK

which reform was introduced to address ignorance and when?

The Education Act of 1944

what age did the education act raise leaving school to?

15

what system did the education act establish

a 3-tiered education system

when would children sit a test?(england and scotland)

11, 12 in Scotland

which schools would children attend based on their test result?

grammar school, secondary school, or technical school

how was the education act ineffective?

did not support the lower class and tackle any social inequalities

why did the government fund grammar schools more?

there were higher expectations for students at grammar school

education act evaluation

the Education Act failed to eliminate private education and continued to offer advantages to the wealthy. This reinforced social inequalities rather than dealing with them as they promised.