Acid Base I (Pulmonary)

These flashcards cover key vocabulary and concepts from the Acid Base I lecture, focusing on definitions, equations, and physiological principles related to acid-base balance.

Acid

A substance that can donate hydrogen ions (H+)

Base

A substance that can accept hydrogen ions (H+)

Acidosis

A condition where the body pH is less than 7.35

Alkalosis

A condition where the body pH is greater than 7.45

pH

The hydrogen ion concentration expressed as a negative logarithm, with pH of 7 as neutral.

Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation

A formula used to calculate pH based on the concentrations of bicarbonate and carbon dioxide.

CO2 Regulation

The lungs regulate CO2 levels in the body, affecting acid-base balance.

HCO3-

Bicarbonate, the main base in the body that regulates pH levels.

Ventilation α 1 / PaCO2

Indicates that ventilation is inversely proportional to the partial pressure of carbon dioxide.

Physiological pH

Normal body pH, approximately 7.4.

Respiratory Acidosis

A condition where hypoventilation leads to increased CO2 and decreased pH.

Respiratory Alkalosis

A condition where hyperventilation leads to decreased CO2 and increased pH.

HCO3- Reabsorption in Kidney

Kidneys can excrete or reabsorb bicarbonate to maintain acid-base balance.

pH Normal Range

The normal pH range for blood is between 7.35 and 7.45.

CO2 Normal Range

The normal range for CO2 in arterial blood is 35 to 45 mm Hg.

[H+] normal range

The normal range for hydrogen ion concentration is approximately 35 to 45 nmol/L.