18.3: The Holocaust

Nuremberg Laws

• Removed citizenship from Jews

• Banned marriage between jews and non Jews

Kristallnacht

• Violent attack on Jews in which nazi-led mobs smashed the windows, looted, and destroyed Jewish homes, businesses, and places of worship

• Triggered by propaganda

Who did hitler give control of concentration camps

Heinrich Himmler

What work did people do at concentration camps

produced weapons and other goods for WWII

What did doctors do in concentration camps

• Conducted painful and deadly experiments

• Tested dangerous drugs on prisoners

• Tried to prove nazi racial ideals

Ghettos

Restricted areas sealed off from the surrounding city

How many Jews died in the holocaust

6 million

Warsaw Ghetto Uprising

• Jewish groups organized resistance groups and planned a revolt against nazis

• Used smuggled in weapons and homemade bombs

• Jews held out for a month

• Thousands were killed and survivors were sent to camps

• Inspired other resistance

Partisans

• Jews who escaped from ghettos and joined resistance groups

• Some joined soviets or formed their own Jewish units

Different forms of Jewish resistance

• Armed uprisings

• Guerrilla fighting

• Revolts at death camps

• Hiding or sending children into hiding

• Preserved their culture

Why couldn’t Jews find places to live after the holocaust

• Other countries weren’t accepting refugees

• Racial prejudice

• Allies were preoccupied with fighting

• Their homes had been destroyed

How dod FDR respond to news of Jewish genocide

• Established the War Refugee Program

War Refugee Program

• American government agency that worked with the Red Cross to save thousands of Eastern European Jews

• Saved over 200,000 Jews

Raoul Wallenberg

• Swedish diplomat who issued thousands of Swedish passports to Hungarian Jews

• Saved Jews from being taken to Auschwitz