NUR 2030 Practice

leading questions

questions that predispose a respondent to answer in a certain way

\-NEVER DO

open ended questions

questions that allow respondents to answer however they want

\-best to use at beginning of exam

closed ended questions

questions a person must answer by choosing from a limited, predetermined set of responses

-best to use when trying to get specific info or clarify

components of a health history

identification data

-chief complaint

-present illness

-past history

-family history

-personal and social history

-cultural history

-spiritual assessment

faith, important, community, address

what does FICA stand for?

Onset, location, duration, cause, character, associated symptoms, aggravating factors, relieving factors, treatment, temporal, severity

what does OLDCARTS stand for?

cut down, annoyance, guilty, eye opener

what does CAGE stand for?

ways to get best history from patient

-build relationship with patient

-assure privacy and maintain confidentiality

-make and maintain eye contact

-note tone of voice and body posture

-don't interrupt but do clarify

-open ended questions

-approach sensitive areas with care

inspection

general observation of the patient as a whole

-progressing to specific body areas

auscultation

listening to sounds within the body with a stethoscope

palpation

an examination technique in which the examiner's hands are used to feel the texture, size, consistency, and location of certain body parts

percussion

tapping on a surface to determine the difference in the density of the underlying structure

-listening to vibrations

latex, drugs, seasonal, food

what are the different kinds of allergies?

identity, cause, consequence, cure/ control, timeline, emotional

what areas do you address when asking about a health behavior or an uncontrolled disease process?

learned, taught, shared/ social, adaptive, integrated, satisfying

what are the characteristics of culture?

become aware of own biases, patients culture, and adaptations by patient

what are ways the nurse can improve cultural sensitivity?

worldview, beliefs, values, behavior

what are the components of worldview from the center of the circle outward?

what is real

what does worldview define?

what is true

what do beliefs define?

what is important

what do values define?

what is done

what does behavior define?

spiritual health

when spiritual needs are satisfactorily met

spiritual distress

when spiritual needs are not satisfactorily met

-questioning meaning of suffering

-anger towards God

-alterations in mood

-etc.

comfort and encourage

what does the bible call us to do that makes spiritual assesment important?

meaning/ purpose, love, forgiveness, need to imagine/ participate in positive future

what are universal spiritual needs?

spiritual care

-personal bible study

-personal time in prayer

-involvement in religious practices

-serving others

-connecting with friends and family

-listening to spiritual music

-spending time in nature/ spending time alone

measles

kind of macule, lots clumped together

cellulitis

infection/ inflammation of cells

-note size and location

impetigo

-moist vesicles and pustules

-erythematous base

-rupture to form honey colored crusts

-bacterial infection

-highly contagious

psoriasis

-red patches covered by thick, dry silvery scales

-due to excessive epithelial cells

-chronic hereditary disease

scabies

skin mite

lice

-parasitic insects found usually in hair

-highly contagious

-itchy

contact dermatitis

allergic reaction to things touching the skin

chicken pox (varicella)

-papules and vesicles in clusters over entire body

-can be on mucous membranes as well

-several maturity stages of vesicles present at once

macule

flat, circumsized area

-change in color of skin

-less than 1cm in size

papule

elevated, firm. circumscribed area

-less than 1cm in size

pustule

elevated, superficial lesion

-similar to visible but filled with purulent fluid (pus)

vyst

elevated, circumcised or encapsulated region

-in dermis or subcutaneous layers of skin

-filled with liquid or semisolid material

vessicle

elevated, circumsized, superficial lesion

-filled with serous fluid

-less than 1cm in diameter

bulla

vessicle greater than 1cm in diameter

hypoxia

reduced blood flow to an area

-look for cyanosis (bluing of skin)

skin turgor test

what is done to test for dehydration?

brittle nails, pallor

what signs of hair, skin, and nails show anemia?

shamroth technique

what is done to test for clubbing?

respiratory or cardiovascular disease

what could be a cause of clubbing?

edema

puffy swelling of tissue from the accumulation of fluid

capillary refil

what test is done to test the distal circulatory system?

asymetric, border irregulatirty, color irregularity, diameter irrecular or larger than 1cm

what are the signs of skin cancer?

risk factors for skin cancer

-skin type I or II

-exposure to damaging UV rays

-personal or family history

-moles

-immune suppresion

postauricular, preauricular, tonsillar, submandibular, submental, anterior cervical chain, posterior cervical chain, supraclavicular, subclavicular, axillary, epitrochlear

what are the lymph nodes that are palpated?